无轨开采下采场结构参数及稳定性数值模拟  

Simulation on stope structural parameters and stability under trackless mining

作　　者：孙振国 侯克鹏[1,2] 孙华芬 史磊[1] 马胜杰 SUN Zhen-guo;HOU Ke-peng;SUN Hua-fen;SHI Lei;MA Sheng-jie(Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sino-German Blue Mining and Utilization of Special Underground Space,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]云南省中—德蓝色矿山与特殊地下空间开发利用重点实验室,昆明650093

出　　处：《矿冶》2023年第3期1-10,共10页Mining And Metallurgy

基　　金：云南省科技厅面上项目(KKS0202121020)。

摘　　要：云南某矿山矿体赋存条件复杂,矿岩破碎、松软,加之后期转型采用无轨设备开采,导致采场巷道断面增大,原有的采矿工艺和采场参数已不再适用。为保证开采过程的安全,找出适合矿山生产的合理采场结构参数,研究采用3D-σ有限元模拟软件建立采场三维模型,设计不同跨度直接顶板的留点柱、留连续矿柱采场结构形式,对不同采场结构形式下矿岩的应力、安全率、塑性区进行模拟分析。结果表明:采用留点柱的采场形式时,采场内点柱尺寸不应小于2 m,矿房跨度控制在4 m为宜;采用留连续矿柱的采场形式时,采场结构参数建议留4 m宽连续矿柱,矿房跨度为5 m,采用C20混凝土进行进路式充填回采。结合采场模拟分析及矿山实际生产现状,建议采用留连续矿柱的开采方案。后续现场试验证明,该方案不仅能够保证采场结构的稳定性,达到矿山安全开采的目的,而且能有效降低矿石的损失贫化,提高矿山的经济效益。The ore body occurrence conditions of a mine in Yunnan are complex,the ore rock is broken and soft,and the trackless equipment mining is used in the later transformation,which leads to the increase of the section of the stope roadway,and the original mining technology and stope parameters are no longer applicable.In order to ensure the safety of the mining process and find out the reasonable stope structure parameters suitable for mine production,the 3D-σfinite element simulation software was used to establish the three-dimensional model of the stope,and the point pillar and continuous pillar stope structure forms of different span direct roof were designed.The stress,safety rate and plastic zone of ore rock under different stope structure forms were simulated and analyzed.The results show that when the stope form of retaining point pillar is adopted,the size of point pillar in the stope should not be less than 2 m,and the span of the mine room should be controlled at 4 m.When the stope form of retaining continuous pillars is adopted,the structural parameters of the stope are recommended to retain 4 m wide continuous pillars,the span of the room is 5 m,and the C20 concrete is used for the entry filling mining.Combined with the simulation analysis of stope and the actual production situation of mine,it is suggested to adopt the mining scheme of retaining continuous pillar.The subsequent field test proves that the scheme can not only ensure the stability of the stope structure and achieve the purpose of safe mining,but also effectively reduce the loss and dilution of ore and improve the economic benefits of the mine.

关 键 词：无轨开采 3D-σ 采场参数优化 直接顶板 

分 类 号：TD-803[矿业工程]