压缩空气储能系统动态运行特性  

Dynamic characteristics of compressed air energy storage system

作　　者：孙晓霞 桂中华 高梓玉 周冰倩 刘夏 张新敬[2,3,4] 郭欢 李文[2,3] 盛勇 朱阳历[2,3] 周健 徐玉杰[2,3] SUN Xiaoxia;GUI Zhonghua;GAO Ziyu;ZHOU Bingqian;LIU Xia;ZHANG Xinjing;GUO Huan;LI Wen;SHENG Yong;ZHU Yangi;ZHOU Jian;XU Yujie(Pumped-storage Technological&Economic Research Institute,Beijing 100761,China;Institute of Engineering Thermophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Nanjing Institute of Future Energy System,Nanjing 211135,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]国网新源控股有限公司抽水蓄能技术经济研究院,北京100761 [2]中国科学院工程热物理研究所,北京100190 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]中科南京未来能源系统研究院,江苏南京211135

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2023年第6期1840-1853,共14页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(JQ21010),国家杰出青年科学基金(51925604),国家电网公司科技项目(525730210003)。

摘　　要：发展基于可再生能源为主体的新型电力系统,支撑“碳达峰、碳中和”战略目标的实现,由于风、光等可再生能源的间歇性、波动性、周期性等特点,需要集成大规模长时储能系统,提升风光等可再生能源发电的品质与可控性,压缩空气储能具有效率高、成本低、环境友好等优点,被认为是最具发展潜力的大规模长时储能技术。压缩空气储能系统通常为定容储气,因此其储能(储气)过程与释能(释气)过程处于动态,本工作围绕储/释能过程的压力变化,开展了压缩空气储能系统不同运行模式特性研究,建立了部件的动态模型,通过仿真获得了系统主要部件的工作特性,以及系统的总体性能。研究结果表明,在释能过程采取定压和滑压结合模式和扩大储气室压力变化范围可以提高TS-CAES系统效率和能量密度。释能时间为6 h,系统效率和能量密度分别为73.98%、26.49MJ/m^(3)。Renewable energy is aimed to be the main part of a new electrical system to support the strategic goal of“Carbon Peak,Carbon Neutrality”;however,due to the drawbacks of intermittence,fluctuation,and periodicity of renewable energy,large-scale,long-duration energy storage systems urgently need to improve the quality and flexibility of renewable energy.Compressed air energy storage(CAES)is considered one of the most promising large-scale long-duration energy storage technologies with high efficiency,low cost,and environment-friendly merits.Generally,the CAES system utilizes constant-volume storage caverns.Thus,the charging and discharging processes are under dynamic conditions,especially the storage pressure.Various CAES operation modes,including dynamic component features,are investigated due to the dynamic pressure conditions and system modeling.Similarly,the operation characteristics and performance of both component-level and system-level are analyzed.The results show that the combination of constant pressure and sliding pressure mode in the discharging process,and enlarging the pressure range of the air chamber,can improve the round-trip efficiency and energy density of the TS-CAES system,which are 73.98%and 26.49 MJ/m^(3),respectively,at the discharging time of 6 hours.

关 键 词：压缩空气储能系统 动态特性 定压运行 滑压运行 系统性能 

分 类 号：TK02[动力工程及工程热物理]