试论韩国汉字音语音层次的判定方法  

On the Methods for Determining the Phonological Strata of Sino-Korean Pronunciations

作　　者：钱有用 马淑香 QIAN Youyong;MA Shuxiang

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院语言研究所,北京100732 [2]天津外国语大学韩语系,天津300204

出　　处：《语言学论丛》2023年第2期83-96,共14页Essays on Linguistics

摘　　要：本文尝试提出韩国汉字音语音层次的判定方法。文章认为,韩国汉字音与互补分布、音位配置、感知、对应策略、反切、类推、训读等相关的语音变异不能视为语音层次。韩国汉字音内部既有不同外源层次的叠置,也有因音韵演变而形成的内源层次,两者需仔细辨别。判断内源层次时,需参考韩语音韵系统的历时变化,基于音理分析,确定滞古层和创新层的演变关系。判断外源层次时,需将历史比较法与历史层次分析法相结合,综合考虑平行声韵的表现,充分利用文献记录、借词、多音字材料,并以汉语方言及其他域外汉字音为参照。This paper aims to propose the methods for determining the phonological strata of Sino-Korean pronunciations.It is argued that sound variations related to complementary distribution,phonotactic constraints,perception,adaptation strategy,fanqie,analogy,and gloss reading should not be regarded as historical layers.The phonological strata of Sino-Korean pronunciations include internal layers caused by phonological diffusion and external layers caused by phonological superposition.The internal layers can be identified by investigating the evolution relationship between different readings based on phonetic mechanism and the understanding of diachronic sound change in Korean.The external layers can be identified by paying attention to the following aspects:1)parallel phonological features,2)the record in historical documents,3)loanwords,4)multi-reading characters,and 5)comparison with Chinese dialects and other Sinoxenic pronunciations.

关 键 词：韩国汉字音 上古汉语 中古汉语 语音层次 

分 类 号：H11[语言文字—汉语]