近18 a山东半岛南部海域海面温度的长期变化研究  

Long-term changes in sea surface temperature in sea areas to the south of the Shandong Peninsula over the past 18 years

作　　者：陆雪 刘子洲 翟方国 LU Xue;LIU Zi-zhou;ZHAI Fang-guo(Qingdao Meteorological Bureau,Weather Modification Office of Qingdao Municipal People’s Government,Qingdao 266003,China;College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛市气象局青岛市人民政府人工影响天气办公室,山东青岛266003 [2]中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋科学》2023年第4期37-53,共17页Marine Sciences

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020MD059);青岛市气象局青年专项项目(2021qdqxq03);国家自然科学基金项目(42176016)。

摘　　要：为探讨山东半岛南部海域海面温度的长期变化,本文利用当前国际上水平分辨率较高的多卫星观测融合数据对2003—2020年间的海面温度进行了分析研究。结果表明:(1)除威海和连云港部分近岸海域外,山东半岛南部大部分海域的海面温度显著升高,升温速率最大值可达0.083℃/a。海面增温存在显著的季节变化,主要出现在春末至秋初(4—9月),且近岸海域强于外海。(2)除青岛外海外,大部分海域的暖季开始日提前,暖季持续时间延长,其中在海州湾和烟台、威海近岸及南部海域最为显著;年最高温度升高,在连云港近海和海州湾、胶州湾等海域较为显著,但其发生日并无显著提前或者延后。(3)冬半年,山东半岛南部近岸海域和部分外海海域有较强的温度锋面,并在过去18年间显著增强。(4)海面温度在冬季的年代际变化与太平洋年代际振荡(PDO)相关性较好,但在其他季节与PDO的相关性较弱。In this study,we examined the long-term changes in sea surface temperature(SST)in sea areas to the south of the Shandong Peninsula over the past 18 years(2003–2020)using a data set fused with multiple satellite observations and having a high horizontal resolution.The results obtained in this study are as follows:(1)SST increased significantly in sea areas to the south of the Shandong Peninsula,except in adjacent areas of Weihai and Lianyungang,with~0.083℃/a as the largest change rate of SST.Sea surface warming showed seasonal variation,mainly occurring during the late spring and early autumn(April–September),and decreased from nearshore areas to offshore areas.(2)In the study area,except for the adjacent seas of Qingdao,the warm season started earlier and lasted longer than before,which was most significant in Haizhou Bay and the adjacent seas of Yantai and Weihai;furthermore,the annual maximum temperature also increased with time.(3)During winter,strong temperature fronts in nearshore areas and parts of offshore areas were detected.Temperature fronts have strengthened significantly over the past 18 years.(4)Decadal variations in SST in winter showed strong correlations with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO),whereas those in other seasons showed weak correlations with the PDO.

关 键 词：海面温度 山东半岛 线性趋势 卫星观测 变暖 

分 类 号：P715[天文地球—海洋科学]