春收温室有机土豆播种方案设计及效益分析  

作　　者：帅泽宇 庹家豪 屈成 万宏伟 关列梅 徐曼[1] 

机构地区：[1]常德职业技术学院,湖南常德415000 [2]湖南生物机电职业技术学院,长沙410128 [3]常德市农业农村局,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《智慧农业导刊》2023年第12期52-55,共4页JOURNAL OF SMART AGRICULTURE

摘　　要：土豆生长期一般为90~120 d,即早熟品种在90 d左右,迟熟品种需120 d左右,但由于季节期较强,导致在常德地区通常只能种一季(12月上旬播种,翌年4—5月进行采摘),同时土豆病虫害较多,尤其以地下害虫为主,以至于农药残留量高。利用温室播种可以促进土豆早熟,供应春季和五一蔬菜市场淡季的需求,进行有机种植可以解决农药残留量高的问题。常德郑太有机农场设计春季温室有机土豆播种技术,主要包括土豆播种期的确定、土壤的选择与处理、播前处理、土豆的播种和播后管理等。该技术可解决常德地区传统土豆种植中存在的种植时间受限、土豆病虫害多、残留农药等问题,有利于提高土豆产量和质量,并满足当地市场对土豆的需求。同时,有机土豆具备较高的市场价值和综合效益,但生产成本较高,需要品牌营销、技术升级、增值服务等方式提高产品品质和竞争力。生产方面需要考虑成本和环保可持续发展,销售方面需注重全面的销售策略和市场定位,同时实现对生态的影响控制,全方位实现可持续发展目标。The growing period of potatoes is generally 90-120 days,that is,early-maturing varieties are about 90 days,and late-maturing varieties need about 120 days,but because of the strong seasonal period,potatoes can only be planted in one season(sown in early December and picked from April to May the following year).Meanwhile,there are many potato diseases and insect pests,especially underground pests,so that pesticide residues are high.Sowing in greenhouse can promote the early ripening of potatoes,supply the demand of spring and May Day vegetable market,and organic planting can solve the problem of high pesticide residues.Changde Zhengtai Organic Farm designed the sowing technology of organic potato in spring greenhouse,including the determination of sowing date,soil selection and treatment,pre-sowing treatment,potato sowing,post-sowing management and so on.This technology can solve the problems existing in traditional potato cultivation in Changde area,such as limited planting time,many potato diseases and insect pests,residual pesticides and so on.It is helpful to improve the yield and quality of potatoes and meet the demand of local market for potatoes.At the same time,organic potatoes have high market value and comprehensive benefits,but the production cost is high,which requires brand marketing,technology upgrading,value-added services and other ways to improve product quality and competitiveness.Production needs to consider cost and environmental sustainable development,sales need to pay attention to comprehensive sales strategy and market positioning,so as to achieve ecological impact control and all-round realization of sustainable development goals.

关 键 词：郑太有机农场 土豆 温室 有机 农药残留 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]