面向OSH的职业心理管控法律法规比较研究  

Comparison of laws and regulations related to management of occupational psychology aiming at promoting OSH

作　　者：杨校毅 杨春雪 朱俞臣 杨雪松 YANG Xiaoyi;YANG Chunxue;ZHU Yuchen;YANG Xuesong(School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang Jiangsu 222005,China;Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Development(Lianyungang),Lianyungang Jiangsu 222005,China;School of Emergency Management&Safety Engineering,China University of Mining&Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学环境与化学工程学院,江苏连云港222005 [2]江苏省海洋资源开发研究院(连云港),江苏连云港222005 [3]中国矿业大学(北京)应急管理与安全工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2023年第5期81-87,共7页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：江苏海洋大学人才引进科研基金资助(KQ23023)。

摘　　要：为在职业安全与健康(OSH)领域完善从业者职业心理管控的法律法规体系,首先,梳理国家和地方层面不同效力位阶的现行有效的法律法规条文;然后,运用定性的描述性统计方法,分析各条文的施行时间和关注群体;最后,运用定量的评价方法,评估各条文的得分情况,并与欧盟和澳大利亚等国家和地区进行对比。结果表明:对于从业者职业心理管控,共有178条法律法规条文,主要面向教师、生产企业职工、所有从业者等群体;在国家和地方层面,分别在2012、2009年之后重视程度逐渐上升。然而,相关条文的评分较低,并未从目标和范围、暴露因素、可能导致的问题及造成的后果、风险评估、干预措施等方面充分促进从业者职业心理健康;经由国际对比可知:我国对从业者的职业心理管控关注较晚,目前尚处起步阶段,相关法律法规体系不够成熟,仍需进一步修订完善。In order to improve laws and regulations related to employees'occupational psychology under the background of occupational safety and health,first,the currently effective documents at the national and local level and in different effect stratum were collected and selected.Then,the time when the laws and regulations came into force and employees who they focused on were analyzed by employing the method of descriptive statistics.Furthermore,the scores of each document were acquired by using the method of quantitative assessment,and an international comparison with the EU countries and Australia was conducted.The results show that 178 laws and regulations related to manage employees'occupational psychology are obtained.Most of them focus on teachers,workers in enterprises and all the employees.In addition,more and more attentions has been paid to the significance of this topic since 2012 and 2009 at the national and local level separately.However,when it comes to promoting employees'occupational psychological health,the scores of laws and regulations are relatively low,and there are insufficient documents to manage employees'occupational psychology from the aspect of objectives and scope,exposure factors,problems or disorders and related outcomes,risk assessment and preventive actions.Then,by conducting international comparison,it can be found that the management of employees'occupational psychology lags behind.This issue is still in its infancy,the related system is still immature,and the laws and regulations need to be revised.

关 键 词：职业安全与健康(OSH) 职业心理 法律法规 暴露因素 风险评估 干预措施 

分 类 号：X915.3[环境科学与工程—安全科学]