碳纳米管在作物研究中的应用进展与分析  

Progress and analysis of carbon nanotube applications in crop research

作　　者：刘学文 高军涛 李赫[1] 杨自尚 陈静[1] LIU Xuewen;GAO Juntao;LI He;YANG Zishang;CHEN Jing(College of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,450002,China;CETC New Defense Technology Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou,450047,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学机电工程学院,郑州450002 [2]中电科新防务技术有限公司,郑州450047

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2023年第8期1-11,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：河南省教育厅国际科技合作项目(222102520017);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-04)。

摘　　要：碳纳米管在农作物研究中的应用对象已经涵盖了大米、玉米、小麦、番茄、葡萄等常见的农作物。由于研究目的不同,使用的碳纳米管种类、分散方式、浓度也不同,导致文献中出现了试验结果多样化的问题。为了建立一个较为统一的碳纳米管试验框架,该研究首先以作物培育、抗逆、生理指标监测和农业基因工程为纲,对碳纳米管在作物研究中的应用进展进行了综述,并归纳了文献中使用的碳纳米管参数及其应用效果。通过综合分析,论证了作物研究中存在碳纳米管有效浓度未知、特异性作用不明显、间接生物毒性研究不足的问题,并针对性地给出了作物研究中的碳纳米管试验方案建议,包括碳纳米管的选型、培养基的制备以及表征方法。最后,与以往利用原始和共价修饰的碳纳米管进行作物培育不同,在未来,利用非共价修饰的碳纳米管或碳纳米管的非共价堆积作用进行作物研究是重要的发展方向。The promotion and biotoxic effects of carbon nanotubes(CNTs)on crop cultivation have drawn much attention over the last decade.The studied species have covered common crops,such as rice,corn,wheat,tomato,and grapes.There was great inconsistency in the previous experiments,including the various species,growth stages,and cultivation methods of crops as well as the various types,dispersion,application,and concentrations of CNTs,resulting in the diversification of test results in the literature.To establish a relatively unified experiment framework for carbon nanotubes,this study first reviewed the progress of the application of carbon nanotubes in following four crop research directions:crop cultivation,stress resistance,physiological index monitoring,and agricultural genetic engineering,and summarized the carbon nanotube parameters used in the literature and their application effects.It was found that the ultrasonic method or carboxylation covalent modification was commonly used to disperse the CNTs for crop cultivation research,which would result that the effective concentration of carbon nanotubes in crop research being unknown.Meanwhile,this kind of non-selectively modified CNTs was used as the type of nano-sized material.There was no significant difference in the effects between NPs and CNTs on the crops.It is still lacking in the unique effects of CNTs on crop growth.Then,the non-covalently modified CNTs were proposed to establish the unique role of CNTs in crop cultivation,for example,they can aggregate at the target sites after CNTs were modified by macromolecules that can be decomposed by special plant enzymes.Biomolecules(e.g.,proteins,and nucleic acids),and polymers(e.g.,chitosan,PEG,PEI,and PAMAM)can non-covalently be modified on the surface of CNTs,and further used to adsorb the molecules with negative charges,which can be used as carrier or sorbent.In addition,the non-covalent modification caused no defects on the CNT surface,indicating the fluorescence properties of SWCNTs were retained.So,CNTs were o

关 键 词：纳米 作物 碳纳米管 表面修饰 作物培育 生物毒性 

分 类 号：S-1[农业科学]