黄花苜蓿荚果表型变异及裂荚相关性分析  

Correlation between the phenotypic variation of alfalfa pods and pod splitting

作　　者：汪鹏 杜雨 于秀明 王玉祥 WANG Peng;DU Yu;YU Xiuming;WANG Yuxiang(College of Grassland Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《草业科学》2023年第5期1335-1342,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34)。

摘　　要：以24份国外引进的野生黄花苜蓿(Medicago falcata)种质为材料,在同质园中对12个荚果形态指标进行观测分析。结果表明,9个荚果表型指标在不同材料间表现出较大差异,其中荚果被毛变异系数最大(57.74%),其次为荚果颜色(54.92%)和荚果形状(52.81%)。主成分分析结果表明,9个荚果性状转化为4个主成分,累计贡献率达72.79%,可代表原始数据的绝大部分信息。聚类分析将24份黄花苜蓿种质分为成4个类群,第Ⅰ类最多,包含11份种质资源,占45.83%。该类群明显特征为荚果呈长半圆形且为深褐色,每荚含种子数最多,性状良好,具有极大的育种潜力;第Ⅱ类包含4份种质资源,占16.67%,荚果多为镰刀形且易裂荚;第Ⅲ类群包含8份种质资源,占33.33%;第Ⅳ类群有1份编号为16的材料,表现出弯曲程度大、难裂荚的特性,可作为抗裂荚材料进行育种。本研究通过评价外来黄花苜蓿种质的荚果特性,为进一步研究黄花苜蓿的裂荚机理、培育抗裂荚品种提供理论依据。Twelve pod morphological indicators were monitored in a homogeneous garden using 24 exotic wild Medicago falcata germplasm.The analysis of morphological diversity(coefficient of variation)showed that nine pod phenotypic indicators showed large differences between different germplasms.The largest variation was observed in pod coat(57.74%),followed by that in pod colour(54.92%)and pods(52.81%).The results of the principal component analysis showed that the nine pod traits could be transformed into four principal components with a cumulative contribution of 72.79%,representing the majority of the information in the original data.Cluster analysis divided the 24 M.falcata germplasm into four groups,Class I was the most abundant,with 11 germplasm resources,accounting for 45.83%.This taxon is characterized by long semi-circular pods with dark brown color,the highest number of seeds per pod,good traits and great breeding potential;Class II has 4 germplasm resources,accounting for 16.67%,and the pods are mostly sickle-shaped and easy to split;Class III has 8 germplasm resources,accounting for 33.33%,and Class IV has only 1 material,of which No.16 is curved to a large extent and difficult to split,which can be used for anti-dehiscent pods.The material can be used for breeding.

关 键 词：同质园 变异系数 主成分分析 聚类分析 易裂荚 抗裂荚 育种潜力 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]