农村劳动力外流、农地流转对粮食生产的影响  

Impact of rural labor migration and farmland transfer on grain production

作　　者：王欢 王灿[1] 毕文泰 张冬平 WANG Huan;WANG Can;BI Wentai;ZHANG Dongping(College of Economics and Management,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学经济与管理学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2023年第3期503-511,共9页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家社会科学研究基金项目(22BJY179);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(18YJC790075);河南省高等学校哲学社会科学应用研究重大项目(2017-YYZD-02)。

摘　　要：【目的】检验农村劳动力外流、农地流转以及其他粮食生产的投入要素对中国粮食产量的直接影响和对粮食安全的间接影响。【方法】利用2001—2020年连续20年中国31个省、自治区、直辖市的面板数据,从农村劳动力外流和家庭承包耕地流转面积两个角度构建影响粮食生产的模型,使用固定效应模型进行分析。【结果】第一,农业劳动力外流显著地正向影响粮食产量。第二,家庭承包耕地流转面积显著地正向影响粮食产量。随着农业机械化程度不断提高,承包耕地流转的面积越大,粮食产量越高。【结论】国家应继续发展劳动密集型非农经济,为农村劳动力提供更多的就近非农就业机会。同时,政府应通过试点创新的方式建立更有效的农地流转政策,推动建立透明化、公开化和制度化的土地交易市场,确保农地流转的有序进行,稳步推进。To examine the direct impact of rural labor migration,farmland transfer,and other grain production input factors on China’s grain output and the indirect impact on food security.【Method】Based on the panel data of 31 provinces in China for 20 consecutive years from 2001 to 2020,a model of the influence on grain production was constructed from two perspectives:nonfarm labor migration and the area of farmland transferred under household contract.The fixed-effect model was used for analysis.【Result】First,agricultural labor migration significantly and positively affects food production.Second,the area of farmland transferred under household contract significantly and positively affects food production.With the continuous improvement of agricultural mechanization,the larger the area of contracted farmland transferred,the higher the grain yield.【Conclusion】Our country should continue to develop labor-intensive non-agricultural economy and provide more nearby non-agricultural employment opportunities for rural laborers.At the same time,the government should establish a more effective agricultural land transfer policy by means of pilot innovations and promote the establishment of a transparent,open and institutionalized land exchange market to ensure the orderly and steady progress of agricultural land transfer.

关 键 词：农村劳动力外流 粮食生产 粮食安全 农地流转 农业机械化 

分 类 号：F326.11[经济管理—产业经济] F323.6