清代江南社会中医知识普及下的医患行为考察  

Investigation on Doctor-Patient Behaviors under the Popularization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Knowledge in Jiangnan Society of Qing Dynasty

作　　者：商双 李赣 杨奕望 SHANG Shuang;LI Gan;YANG Yiwang(Institute of Science,Technology and Humanities,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China;Shanghai Museum of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China;Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity,Shanghai 201318,China)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学科技人文研究院,上海201203 [2]上海中医药博物馆,上海201203 [3]上海市重大传染病和生物安全研究院中医药疫病研究中心,上海201318

出　　处：《中医药文化》2023年第3期230-238,共9页Chinese Medical Culture

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(20BZS121);上海市市级科技重大专项(ZD2021CY001,ZXS004R4-1)。

摘　　要：清代社会的中医理论与诊疗方法日趋完善,然而官方医疗体系却未能有效构建。伴随民众健康意识的日益提升,中医药知识在民间迅速普及,尤其在人口稠密的江南地区,交通网络发达,经济发展迅速,中医知识下沉而趋通俗化,医疗渐渐向市场化发展。中医药的普及使得从医人员数量增加、医家群体的构成发生变化、行医目的产生分歧。从医者面临道德和利益的自我选择,患者择医、待医态度有所转变,清代江南社会环境的改变凸显了医患矛盾。双方在博弈过程中不断地进行自我调适,积极改变的医患关系也使得医疗过程更为合理、有效。In the Qing dynasty,theory and treatment methods of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)were becoming perfected,though the official medical system was still not effectively established.Along with the promoting health awareness of the public,TCM knowledge became rapidly popularized among the folk,especially in the densely populated Jiangnan region,with developed transportation network and speedy economic development,where TCM knowledge went down to earth and medical treatment gradually developed towards marketization.The popularization of TCM has increased the number of medical personnel,changed the composition of the medical community,and diverged the purpose of practicing medicine.The changing social environment in Jiangnan during the Qing dynasty highlighted the conflict between doctors and patients,with physicians faced with self-selection between morals and interests,and patients with transformation in their choice of and attitudes towards physicians.Both sides made continuous self-adjustment during interactions and positive change of doctor-patient relationship made the medical process more effective and reasonable.

关 键 词：医学普及 清代 江南 医患行为 疫病 

分 类 号：R2-09[医药卫生—中医学]