不同农林废弃物配比栽培基质对盆栽小菊生长的影响研究  

Effects of Different Ratio of Agricultural and Forestry Wastes Cultivation Substrates on the Growth of Potted Chrysanthemum

作　　者：郭金庆 杨志坚 陆雨帆 周统均 阎永明 陈广海 孙明[1] Guo Jinqing;Yang Zhijian;Lu Yufan;Zhou Tongjun;Yan Yongming;Chen Guanghai;Sun Ming(School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Yantai Landscape Construction and Maintenance Center,Yantai,Shandong 264002,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100083 [2]烟台市园林建设养护中心,山东烟台264002

出　　处：《绿色科技》2023年第9期77-83,88,共8页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：雄安新区科技创新专项(编号:2022XAGG0100);烟台特色种质匍地菊创新利用及新品种种植示范(编号:2022HXFWYL05)。

摘　　要：为了探究农林废弃物代用基质对盆栽小菊生长效果的影响,筛选适宜盆栽小菊生长的基质配方,以腐熟的椰糠、花生壳、树皮、稻壳、菇渣为农林废弃物原料,通过不同比例混合形成15组混合基质配方,同时加入2个回收基质配方,以传统盆栽小菊栽培配方(草炭土∶珍珠岩∶松针土=6∶2∶2)为对照组,共同开展了盆栽小菊种植试验。测定不同配方基质的理化性质与不同栽培基质配方下的盆栽小菊的株高、冠幅、鲜重、干重等共计9个生理指标,并进行了主成分分析。结果表明:不同基质配方对盆栽小菊生长状况影响不同,根据主成分分析结果,发现T4处理组栽培效果最好,T17处理组栽培效果最差。生产中可以选择T4(椰糠∶草炭土∶珍珠岩∶松针土=2∶4∶2∶2)、T5(椰糠∶草炭土∶珍珠岩∶松针土=4∶2∶2∶2)作为新型代用基质配方替代传统栽培基质配方。In order to explore the effect of agricultural and forestry waste substitute substrates on the growth of potted Chrysanthemum,suitable matrix formula is screened for potted Chrysanthemum growth.Decomposed coconut husk,peanut shell,bark,rice husk and mushroom residue were used as agricultural and forestry waste raw materials;15 mixed substrate formulas and 2 recycled substrate formulas were formed with different ratios;the traditional potted Chrysanthemum cultivation formula(peat∶perlite∶pine needle mulch=6∶2∶2)was used as the control group to carry out the potted Chrysanthemum cultivation experiment.The physical and chemical properties of the substrate were analyzed and a total of 9 morphological and physiological indexes including plant height,crown width,fresh weight and dry weight of potted Chrysanthemum under different substrate formulations were measured and conducted the principal component analysis.The results showed that different ratios of substrates have different effects on the growth of potted Chrysanthemum.According to the results of principal component analysis,T4 had the best cultivation effect and T17 had the worst cultivation effect.In production,T4(coconut peat∶peat∶perlite∶pine needle soil=2∶4∶2∶2)and T5(coconut peat∶peat∶perlite∶pine needle soil=4∶2∶2∶2)can be selected as the new substrate formula to replace the traditional substrate formula.

关 键 词：无土栽培基质 盆栽小菊 生理指标 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]