基于GIS和Fragstats的高速公路沿线生态景观格局研究  

Study on Ecological Landscape Patterns Along Expressways Based on GIS and Fragstats

作　　者：张雪艳 王利[1] Zhang Xueyan;Wang Li(School of Geographic Sciences,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian,Liaoning 116029,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学地理科学学院,辽宁大连116029

出　　处：《绿色科技》2023年第9期234-239,共6页Journal of Green Science and Technology

摘　　要：为了探讨高速公路对周围土地利用和土地覆被的影响及作用机理,确定高速公路沿线生态景观格局的变化,选取了山西省高速公路两侧5km缓冲区作为研究区域,基于山西省2010年和2020年的土地利用和土地覆被变化数据,运用ArcGIS技术和景观生态学的方法,从类型水平和景观水平上探讨了山西省高速公路沿线10年间的土地利用和生态景观格局的演变情况。结果表明:高速公路沿线区域的城镇建设用地面积十年间增大,且增加了518.13 km 2,而耕地和草地面积相应减少,可见高速公路的建设对沿线土地利用带来深刻影响;在类型水平上,耕地和建设用地的斑块数量多,水域、建设用地和未利用地的景观破碎度指数较高,景观内部稳定性低,整体区域的斑块形状都较复杂,景观破碎化现象严重;在景观水平上,高速公路沿线景观格局整体比较均衡和稳定,蔓延度指数较高,多由分散的小斑块组成。研究分析了高速公路沿线的土地利用和覆被特征变化,探讨了其生态景观格局,对山西省高速公路沿线土地资源的合理配置具有借鉴意义。In order to explore the influence and mechanism of expressways on surrounding land use and land cover,and determine the changes of ecological landscape patterns along the expressways,this paper selected 5km buffer zone on both sides of expressways in Shanxi Province as the research area.Based on the data of land use and land cover change in 2010 and 2020 in Shanxi Province,using ArcGIS technology and landscape ecology method,this paper discusses the evolution of land use and ecological landscape patterns along the expressways in Shanxi Province in the past ten years from the type level and landscape level.The results show that:The area of urban construction land along the expressways increased by 518.13 cm 2 in the past ten years,while the area of cultivated land and grassland decreased correspondingly.It can be seen that the expressway construction has a profound impact on the land use along the expressways.At the type level,the patches of cultivated land and construction land were more;the landscape fragmentation index of water area,construction land and unused land was higher,and the internal landscape stability was low.The patch shape of the whole region was more complex,and the landscape fragmentation phenomenon was serious.At the landscape level,the overall landscape pattern along the expressways is more balanced and stable,with a higher spread degree index and mostly composed of scattered patches.The study and analysis of the change of land use and cover characteristics along the expressways and the discussion of its ecological landscape patterns are of reference significance for the rational allocation of land resources along the expressways in Shanxi Province.

关 键 词：高速公路 土地利用变化 景观格局 山西省 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]