血液成分制备过程中引起血液报废的原因分析与对策  

Reasons and Countermeasures of Blood Scrap During the Blood Component Preparation

作　　者：钟志梅 王姣杰[1] ZHONG Zhimei;WANG Jiaojie(Component Room,Henan Red Cross Blood Center,Zhengzhou 450012,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省红十字血液中心成分室,河南郑州450012

出　　处：《河南医学研究》2023年第11期1954-1957,共4页Henan Medical Research

摘　　要：目的 了解成分制备过程中血液报废情况以及报废原因,为采供血机构成分制备工作持续改进、减少血液成分报废、提高血液成分利用率提供参考依据。方法 统计河南省红十字血液中心2018—2022年制备的全血及成分血,并对此期间成分制备过程引起报废的全血及成分血,按照不同年份、血液成分种类、报废原因(袋体破裂、近端开放、砂眼、溶血)进行分类统计,计算成分制备报废率,以及各种血液成分和报废原因构成比,了解不同种类血液成分报废情况及报废原因。结果 2018—2022年制备量分别为387 927、407 113、360 668、435 346、354 581袋,5 a血液总报废率为0.034 3%,年报废率最高为0.048 0%,最低为0.025 0%;红细胞类5 a总报废率为0.037 8%,年报废率最高为0.055 9%,最低为0.027 9%;血浆类5 a总报废率为0.030 8%,年报废率最高为0.041 5%,最低为0.016 9%。血液制备过程中报废总量为667袋,其中全血报废289袋,占总报废量的43.33%;红细胞报废80袋,占报废总量的11.99%;血浆报废298袋,占报废总量的44.68%;报废原因主要有袋体破裂、砂眼、近端开放和溶血。其中近端开放所占比最高为46.18%;其次为袋体破裂和砂眼,分别占36.13%和16.79%;溶血所占比最低(0.90%)。结论 血液成分制备过程中人、机、料、法、环等各环节均可能引起血液报废,通过加强成分制备各环节管理,有利于降低血液成分制备引起的报废率,减少血液浪费,充分利用血源。Objective To explore the situation and reasons of blood scrapping in the process of blood component preparation,and to provide reference for the continuous improvement of blood component preparation,reducing the scrapping of blood components,and improving the utilization rate of blood components in blood bank.Methods The whole blood and blood components prepared in Henan Red Cross Blood Center from 2018 to 2022 were counted.The scrapped whole blood and blood components caused by the component preparation process during this period were classified and counted according to different years.Types of blood components,reasons for scrapping(bag body rupture,proximal opening,sand hole,hemolysis),the scrap rate of component preparation,the composition ratio of various blood components and scrap reasons were calculated to understand the situation and reasons of different types of blood component scrapping.Results From 2018 to 2022,the total amount of blood preparations prepared was 387927,407113,360668,435346 and 354581 bags,respectively.The highest annual scrap rate of blood component preparations was 0.0480%,and the lowest was 0.0250%,5-year total scrap rate was 0.0343%.The 5-year total scrap rate of red blood cells was 0.0378%,the highest annual scrap rate was 0.0559%,and the lowest was 0.0279%.The 5-year total scrap rate of plasma was 0.0308%,the highest annual scrap rate was 0.0415%,and the lowest was 0.0169%.The total amount of scrapped blood was 667 bags,of which 289 bags of whole blood were scrapped,accounting for 43.33%.A total of 80 bags of red blood cells were scrapped,accounting for 11.99%.A total of 298 bags of plasma were scrapped,accounting for 44.68%.The main causes of blood scrapping were bag rupture,sand hole,proximal opening and hemolysis.The proximal opening accounted for the highest proportion(46.18%).The second was bag rupture(36.13%)and sand hole(16.79%).The proportion of hemolysis was the lowest(0.90%).Conclusion In the process of blood component preparation,all links may cause blood scrap.such as h

关 键 词：血液成分制备 血液报废 原因 

分 类 号：R197.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]