基于Caprini评估表的分层管理联合多元化健康教育在老年肝脏疾病患者深静脉血栓中的应用效果  

Application of Stratified Management Based on Caprini Assessment Table Combined with Diversified Health Education in Deep Vein Thrombosis in Elderly Patients with Liver Disease

作　　者：张梅 岳少娟 张爽 ZHANG Mei;YUE Shaojuan;ZHANG Shuang(Minimally Invasive Vascular Surgery of Liver of Gallbladder and Pancreas,Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学附属郑州中心医院肝胆胰微创血管外科,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《河南医学研究》2023年第11期2100-2104,共5页Henan Medical Research

摘　　要：目的 观察基于Caprini评估表的分层管理联合多元化健康教育在老年肝脏疾病患者深静脉血栓中的应用效果。方法 回顾性分析郑州大学附属郑州中心医院2019年3月至2021年12月收治的60例肝脏疾病患者的临床资料,根据不同护理方式划分为观察组(32例)和对照组(28例),对照组接受常规护理方式,观察组接受基于Caprini风险评估表的分层护理结合多元化健康教育。比较两组患者的深静脉血栓(DVT)、血液高凝状态的发生率。比较干预前和干预后3个月两组患者功能锻炼依从性、超声检查指标。结果 观察组DVT和血液高凝状态发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后3个月,观察组康复锻炼依从性、复查维度依从性、主动寻求建议依从性、术后注意事项依从性均高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后3个月两组患者的下肢股总静脉内径、股总动脉内径比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但观察组瘀滞指数低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 对老年肝脏疾病深静脉血栓患者使用基于Caprini评估表的分层管理联合多元化健康教育可降低患者深静脉血栓发生率,提升患者功能锻炼的依从性,减轻下肢静脉瘀滞。Objective To observe the application effect of stratified management based on Caprini assessment table combined with diversified health education in deep vein thrombosis in elderly patients with liver disease.Methods A total of 60 patients with liver disease in Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from March 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the research objects,and a retrospective analysis was carried out.They were divided into observation group(32 cases)and control group(28 cases)according to different nursing methods.The control group received routine nursing,and the observation group received the stratified nursing based on the Caprini risk assessment combined with diversified health education.The incidences of deep venous thrombosis(DVT)and blood hypercoagulability were compared between the two groups.The functional exercise compliance and ultrasound examination indexes of the two groups were compared before and 3 months after the intervention.Results The incidence of DVT and blood hypercoagulability in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).After 3 months of intervention,the compliance of rehabilitation exercise,recheck dimension,initiative seeking advice and postoperative precautions in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Three months after intervention,there was no significant difference in the diameter of common femoral vein and common femoral artery between the two groups(P>0.05),but the blood stasis index in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The use of hierarchical management based on the Caprini assessment form combined with diversified health education for elderly patients with deep vein thrombosis of liver disease can reduce the incidence of deep vein thrombosis,improve the compliance of patients with functional exercise,and reduce venous stasis of lower limbs.

关 键 词：肝脏疾病 深静脉血栓 老年人 Caprini评估表 分层管理 多元化健康教育 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]