凉山彝族自治州学龄儿童营养不良现状及其影响因素研究  

Malnutrition status and its influencing factors of school-aged children,Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture

作　　者：吕瑞琦 谭兵兵 邬东 肖旭阳 周嗣全 汪晓语 赵莉[1] 成果 LV Rui-qi;TAN Bing-bing;WU Dong;XIAO Xu-yang;ZHOU Si-quan;WANG Xiao-yu;ZHAO Li;CHENG Guo(West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院,四川成都610041 [2]四川大学华西第二医院西部妇幼医学研究院,出生缺陷与相关妇儿疾病教育部重点实验室 [3]四川大学华西护理学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第10期1772-1776,1836,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC2006300);达能营养中心膳食营养研究与宣教基金项目(H220318)。

摘　　要：目的了解凉山彝族自治州学龄儿童营养不良现状并分析其影响因素。方法采用分层整群随机抽样选取凉山地区291名7~12岁学龄儿童作为研究对象,通过问卷调查收集儿童的基本信息及生活方式信息,采用食物频率法获得研究对象过去1年内的膳食数据,并对研究对象进行体格测量,依据《WS/T 456—2014学龄儿童青少年营养不良筛查》判断其营养不良情况。采用卡方检验比较不同年龄组学龄儿童的营养不良分布差异,通过多因素logistic回归模型探究学龄儿童营养不良的影响因素。结果凉山彝族自治州学龄儿童营养不良检出率为13.06%,且以消瘦为主(8.59%)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,经常进行体力活动(OR=0.994,95%CI:0.990~0.999,P<0.05)和增加菌藻类食物摄入(OR=0.986,95%CI:0.931~0.996,P<0.05)是凉山地区学龄儿童营养不良的保护因素,而油炸食品(OR=1.056,95%CI:1.020~1.100,P<0.05)和零食类(OR=1.041,95%CI:1.014~1.072,P<0.05)食物摄入过多是营养不良发生的危险因素。结论凉山彝族自治州学龄儿童营养不良情况突出,且受到体力活动、菌藻类食物摄入、油炸食品类食物摄入和零食类食物摄入的影响。Objective To investigate the current situation of malnutrition among school-aged children in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and to explore its influencing factors.Methods A total of 291 children aged 7 to 12 in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture were selected by stratified cluster sampling randomly.The basic information and lifestyle information of children were collected by questionnaires.Dietary datas of the past year were obtained from the food frequency questionnaire.The height and weight were measured,and then malnutrition of subjects was determined according to the Screening Criteria for Malnutrition of School-age Children and Adolescents(WS/T 456—2014).Chi-square test was used to compare the distribution of malnutrition among school-aged children in different age periods,and influencing factors of malnutrition in school-aged children were explored by multivariate logistic regression model.Results The prevalence of malnutrition among school-aged children in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture was 13.06%,and most of them were emaciated(8.59%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that physical activity(OR=0.994,95%CI:0.990-0.999,P<0.05)and intakes of thallophyte(OR=0.986,95%CI:0.931-0.996,P<0.05)were protective factors,while the intakes of fried foods(OR=1.056,95%CI:1.020-1.100,P<0.05)and snacks(OR=1.041,95%CI:1.014-1.072,P<0.05)were risk factors for malnutrition.Conclusion The prevalence of school-aged children malnutrition in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture is prominent,and it is affected by physical activity levels,intakes of thallophyte,fried foods and snacks.

关 键 词：凉山彝族自治州 学龄儿童 营养不良 

分 类 号：R591[医药卫生—内科学]