基于插值拟合的数控车床刀具运动轨迹智能补偿控制  

Intelligent Compensation Controlof CNC Lathe Tool Motion Trajectory Based on Interpolation Fit

作　　者：杨坤[1] 毕忠梁[1] 赵夫超[1] YANG Kun;BI Zhongliang;ZHAO Fuchao(Anqing Vocational&TechnicalCollege,Anqing 246003,China)

机构地区：[1]安庆职业技术学院,安徽安庆246003

出　　处：《东莞理工学院学报》2023年第3期125-130,共6页Journal of Dongguan University of Technology

基　　金：安徽省教育厅2020年度高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2020A1026);安徽省教育厅2020年度高等学校省级质量工程项目之示范实验实训中心项目(2020sxzx27)。

摘　　要：研究基于插值拟合的数控车床刀具运动轨迹智能补偿控制,优化曲面加工中的刀具运动轨迹,提升数控车床加工效果。提取数控车床刀具运动轨迹中反曲点、曲率极值点、弓高特征点的主特征点;将该主特征点作为刀具运动轨迹拟合控制点,通过Bezier曲线插值拟合生成刀具运动轨迹;将插值拟合后的刀具运动轨迹通过刀位点误差与弓高特征点误差进行补偿控制,不断更新刀具运动轨迹节点数量,并利用Bezier曲线重新拟合运动轨迹节点,补偿刀具运动轨迹,使刀具运动轨迹误差处于标准误差范围内,完成数控车床刀具运动轨迹智能补偿控制。实验表明:该方法可精准提取刀具运动轨迹中的主特征点;可通过调整拟合曲线松紧程度参数,控制刀具左右移动;且该方法拟合精度高,刀具运动轨迹误差小。This paper studies the intelligent compensation control of CNC lathe tool path based on interpolation fitting,optimizes the tool path in curved surface machining,and improves the machining effect of CNC lathe.The main feature points including inflec⁃tion point,curvature extreme point and bow height feature point are extracted from the NC lathe tool path.The main feature point is used as the control point for tool motion trajectory fitting,and the tool motion trajectory is generated through Bezier curve interpola⁃tion fitting.The interpolated tool motion path is compensated and controlled through the tool position error and the bow height feature point error,and the number of tool motion path nodes is constantly updated.The Bezier curve is used to re-fit the updated motion track node to compensate the tool movement track,so that the tool movement track error is made to be within the standard error range,and the intelligent compensation control of the tool movement track of CNC lathe is completed.The experiment shows that the method can accurately extract the main feature points in the tool path,and the tool can be moved left and right by adjusting the tight⁃ness parameter of the fitting curve,and the method has high fitting accuracy and small tool path error.

关 键 词：插值拟合 数控车床 刀具运动轨迹 智能补偿 主特征点 刀位点 

分 类 号：TG519.1[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]