基于阻抗变换的非接触电压测量自校准方法  

A self-calibration method of non-contact voltage measurement based on impedance transformation

作　　者：黄汝金 索春光[1] 张文斌[2] 朱俊宇 邹湘祁 Huang Rujin;Suo Chunguang;Zhang Wenbin;Zhu Junyu;Zou Xiangqi(College of Science,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650504,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650504,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学理学院,昆明650504 [2]昆明理工大学机电工程学院,昆明650504

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2023年第3期137-145,共9页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：云南省科技厅科技计划项目(202104BN050011)资助。

摘　　要：电容耦合式非接触电压测量在实际测量中,探头-导线之间的耦合电容受导线线径、绝缘材质、相对位置偏差的影响,造成分压关系难以确定从而无法准确重构电压。本文提出一种基于阻抗变换的非接触电压测量自校准方法,以实现在实际测量中传感器增益的自标定。首先介绍电容耦合电压测量的基本原理,从中凝练存在的问题并提出基于阻抗变换的自校准方法,随后通过仿真对系统参数进行校准精度影响分析并给出参数选取原则。在此基础上,开发传感器探头及电路拓扑。最后进行传感器样机精度测试、抗干扰能力测试、场景适应性测试,精度测试显示电压幅值最大相对误差为0.59%,相位相对误差为0.76%,抗干扰能力测试表明同轴探头对周围耦合电场具有良好的屏蔽作用。场景适应性测试显示在进行不同类型线路的测试中,最大相对误差为1.24%。For the application of capacitance-coupled non-contact voltage measurement,the coupling capacitance between probe and wire is affected by wire diameter,wire insulation material and relative position deviation.It is difficult to determine the voltage division relation and the voltage cannot be reconstructed.In this article,a self-calibration method of non-contact voltage measurement based on impedance transformation is proposed to realize the self-calibration of sensor gain in practical measurement.Firstly,the basic principle of capacitive coupling voltage measurement is introduced,from which the problems exist and the self-calibration method based on impedance transformation is proposed.Then,the influence of calibration accuracy on system parameters is analyzed by simulation and the principle of parameter selection is given.On this basis,the sensor probe and the circuit topology are developed.Finally,the accuracy test,anti-interference ability test and scene adaptability test of the sensor prototype are carried out.The accuracy test shows that the maximum relative error of voltage amplitude is 0.59%,and the phase relative error is 0.76%.The anti-jamming ability test shows that the coaxial probe has good shielding effect on the surrounding coupling electric field.The scenario adaptability test shows that the maximum relative error is 1.24%when different types of circuits are tested.

关 键 词：阻抗变换 非接触 自校准 电压测量 电容耦合 

分 类 号：TM933.13[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] TH89[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]