不同污染来源PM_(2.5)对线虫寿命及健康寿命的影响研究  

Effects of different pollution sources PM_(2.5) on the lifespan and healthspan of nematodes

作　　者：张文静 张楠[1] 李国君[1,2] 张永[1] 王春梅[1] 王心宇[1] 敬海明[1,2] 李子南[1,2] 陶晶[1] 宁钧宇[1,2] 高珊[1] ZHANG Wen-jing;ZHANG Nan;LI Guo-jun;ZHANG Yong;WANG Chun-mei;WANG Xin-yu;JING Hai-ming;LI Zi-nan;TAO Jing;NING Jun-yu;GAO Shan(Bejing Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning,Bejing 100013,China;School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,食物中毒诊断溯源技术北京市重点实验室,北京100013 [2]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京100069

出　　处：《毒理学杂志》2023年第2期128-136,共9页Journal of Toxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81273108,81641184);北京市“空气污染与人群健康研究项目-大气细颗粒物健康效应研究”;环境毒理学北京市重点实验室开放研究课题(2018hjdl04)。

摘　　要：目的鉴于不同污染来源及地区的PM_(2.5)对健康不良效应的差异性,本课题采用北方某地区采暖季期间燃煤区、水泥厂、建筑工地、汽车交通、柴油交通、化工工业和生态涵养区7个不同污染来源的PM_(2.5)水溶性组分合并样本(终浓度均调整为53μg/ml),探讨具有不同组分的不同污染来源的PM_(2.5)对秀丽隐杆线虫寿命和健康寿命的影响。方法采用终浓度为53μg/ml的7个不同污染来源的PM_(2.5)水溶液分别对线虫进行24 h及较长时间染毒,测定存活率、体长、体宽、寿命、头摆频率、体曲频率、咽泵震动频率和热耐受力等指标,以评价PM_(2.5)对线虫急性毒性、生长发育及寿命和健康寿命的影响。结果对不同污染来源PM_(2.5)水溶液中F^(-)、Cl^(-)、NO^(-)_(2)、NO^(-)_(3)、SO_(4)^(2-)、Br^(-)、H_(2)PO_(4)^(3-)和NH^(+)_(4)的浓度进行分析:以NO^(-)_(3)为主要成分的燃煤、汽车交通和生态涵养区来源PM_(2.5)处理后线虫生长发育受到明显影响,寿命缩短19%~24%,热应激下生存时间缩短约40%,提示NO^(-)_(3)质量浓度较高的PM_(2.5)可使线虫寿命和健康寿命受到不良影响,且燃煤污染来源的PM_(2.5)还可使线虫咽泵振动频率降低约18%(F=2.361,P<0.05)。兼以NO^(-)_(3)、NH^(+)_(4)、SO_(4)^(2-)和Cl^(-)为主要成分的扬尘来源PM_(2.5)未对线虫产生寿命毒性,但可使线虫生长发育受到影响,热应激下生存时间缩短约1/2,头摆频率减少约1/10。其中建筑扬尘(NO^(-)_(3)和Cl^(-)浓度较高)使线虫体宽减少约5%(F=16.773,P<0.01),水泥厂扬尘(NH^(+)_(4)和SO_(4)^(2-)浓度较高)使线虫体宽增加约10%(F=45.560,P<0.001)。此外,暴露于建筑扬尘来源PM_(2.5)的线虫早于暴露于水泥厂扬尘PM_(2.5)的线虫出现热耐受力下降,提示对于线虫健康寿命与体内氧化损伤,NO^(-)_(3)和Cl^(-)的贡献大于SO_(4)^(2-)和NH^(+)_(4)。结论具有特征性致毒组分的不同污染来源的PM_(2.5)所导致的线虫�Objective In view of the effects of PM_(2.5) from different pollution sources in different regions,this topic unilized PM_(2.5) water-soluble components from seven different pollution sources during the heating season in North China,including coal-fired areas,cement plant,construction site,automobile traffic,diesel traffic,chemical industry and ecological conservation area,as samples to analyze the difference in the toxic effects on nematodes lifespan and healthspan of PM_(2.5) from different pollution sources with different toxic components.Methods PM_(2.5) water-soluble with a final concentration of 53μg/ml from seven different pollution sources were exposed to nematodes for 24 h and a long time respectively.The survival rate,body length,body width,lifespan,head thrashing frequency,body bending frequency,pharyngeal pump vibration frequency,heat tolerance and other indexes were measured to evaluate the effects of PM_(2.5) on acute toxicity,growth,development,lifespan and healthspan of nematodes.Results The concentrations of F^(-),Cl^(-),NO_(2)^(-),No_(3)^(-),SO_(4)^(2-),Br^(-),H_(2)PO_(4)^(3-)and NH were different in PM_(2.5) from different pollution sources;PM_(2.5)from coal-fired region,automible traffic and ecological conservation area with NO_(3)^(-)as the main component could signifantly shorten the average lifespan of nematodes by 19%-24%,accompanied by the reduction of survival time in heat stress by about 40%,make impacts on growth and development,suggesting that the PM_(2.5) contained higher mass concentration of NO_(3)^(-)component can adversely affect nematodes on lifespan and healthspan.Moreover,PM_(2.5)from coal-fired source could also obviously reduce the vibration frequency of pharyngeal pump by 18%(F=2.361,P<0.05).PM_(2.5) dominated by NO_(3)^(-),NH_(4)^(+),SO_(4)^(2-)and Cl"didn't produce lifespan toxicity to nematodes,but it could significantly affect growth and development of nematodes,weaken the heat tolerance,by reducing survival time by 1/2 in heat stress,and reduce head thrashing by about

关 键 词：秀丽隐杆线虫 不同污染来源PM_(2.5) 寿命 健康寿命 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]