财政科技投入提升科技创新能力的机制分析  

Mechanism Analysis of Financial Science and Technology Investment to Enhance Science and Technology Innovation Capacity

作　　者：孙文明 刘琪[2] 陈旭 Sun Wenming;Liu Qi;Chen Xu

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学经济学院,北京102401 [2]中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院,北京102401 [3]中国财政科学研究院金融研究中心,北京100142

出　　处：《经济问题探索》2023年第6期177-190,共14页Inquiry Into Economic Issues

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“地方政府隐性债务化解手段效果评估及管理创新研究”(20BGL061),主持人:赵全厚;中国社会科学院大学“研究生科研创新支持计划项目”(2023-KY-62),主持人:刘琪。

摘　　要：加强财政资金投入一直是增强地方科技创新能力的重要手段,评估财政投入绩效和深入探究其内在机制十分关键。本文基于2003—2020年295个城市面板数据,系统考察了地方财政科技投入对科技创新能力的提升作用及传导机制。实证结果表明:(1)地方财政科技投入对地区创新能力具有显著的促进作用;(2)分地区考察发现,东部地区和中部地区的财政科技投入能够显著提升地区创新能力,而西部地区的财政科技投入作用效果并不显著;(3)从传导机制来看,地方财政科技投入可以通过提高研发经费水平和集聚人力资本效应,进而促进地方科技创新能力提升;(4)我们还发现在要素市场扭曲程度低的地区财政科技投入的政策效果更好。对此,在政策层面,要持续提高财政科技投入比重,统筹优化区域间财政科技支出结构,因地制宜选择财政支持科技创新路径。Strengthening financial investment has always been an important means to enhance local science and technology innovation capacity,and it is crucial to evaluate the performance of financial investment and explore its underlying mechanism in depth.Based on panel data of 295 cities from 2003 to 2020,this paper systematically examines the role of local financial investment in science and technology in enhancing science and technology innovation capacity and the transmission mechanism.The empirical results show that:(1)Local financial investment in science and technology plays a significant role in promoting regional innovation capacity;(2)By region,it is found that financial investment in science and technology in the eastern and central regions can significantly improve regional innovation capacity,while the effect of financial investment in science and technology in the western region is not significant;(3)From the perspective of the transmission mechanism,local financial investment in science and technology can promote local science and technology innovation capacity by increasing the level of RD funding and collection;(4)We also find that the policy effect of financial investment in science and technology is better in regions with low factor market distortion.In this regard,at the policy level,it is necessary to continuously increase the proportion of fiscal investment in science and technology,coordinate and optimise the structure of fiscal expenditure on science and technology across regions,and choose the path of fiscal support for science and technology innovation in accordance with local conditions.

关 键 词：财政科技投入 地区创新能力 研发经费水平 集聚人力资本效应 

分 类 号：F812[经济管理—财政学]