析氧反应中的磁增强效应与研究进展  

Magnetic enhancement effect and research progress in oxygen evolution reaction

作　　者：胡浩攀 卢俊铭 孙立贤 徐芬 黄鹏儒 彭洪亮 邹勇进 褚海亮 张焕芝 Haopan Hu;Junming Lu;Lixian Sun;Fen Xu;Pengru Huang;Hongliang Peng;Yongjin Zou;Hailiang Chu;Huanzhi Zhang(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Centre of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials,School of Material Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林电子科技大学材料科学与工程学院,广西新能源材料结构与性能协同创新中心,广西电子信息材料构效关系重点实验室,桂林541004

出　　处：《科学通报》2023年第15期1917-1926,共10页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U20A20237,51871065,52271205,51971068);桂林市科技计划(20210102-4,20210216-1);广西科技计划(AA19182014,AD17195073,AA17202030-1,AB21220027);广西八桂学者、桂林漓江学者、广西新能源材料结构与性能协同创新中心、广西先进功能材料基础与应用人才小高地和中德科学中心国际交流合作项目(GZ1528)资助。

摘　　要：利用可再生能源产生的电能来电解水制氢,可有效解决可再生能源供应不稳定和分布不均匀的问题,有利于早日实现碳中和目标.然而,在电解水过程中,阳极发生的析氧反应(oxygen evolution reaction,OER)具有缓慢的动力学反应过程,严重制约了电解水的速度和效率.前期,研究者希望寻找合适的催化剂以提高电解水反应速率.后来,研究发现催化剂活性和稳定性之间存在矛盾.近年的研究表明,通过在电催化过程引入外磁场,可以在保证稳定性的前提下,有效提高其电催化性能.而磁场对OER过程存在几种增效机理,主要包括磁热效应、磁流体动力学效应、自旋选择效应,实际反应中往往存在协同作用.本文总结有关机理,并简要介绍磁场增强OER过程相关的研究进展.最后,对外磁场在OER过程的进一步应用进行了展望.Electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen using electricity generated from renewable sources can effectively solve the instability and uneven distribution of renewable energy supplies and facilitate early realization of carbon neutrality goals.In the process of water electrolysis,the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)at the anode is a complex reaction process with four electrons transferring,which considerably restricts the speed and efficiency of water electrolysis.Increasing the number of active sites on the electrode surface or increasing their activity can effectively enhance the catalytic performance of the electrode.In this regard,much work has been done by researchers,including defect engineering,microscopic phase transitions,coating and doping,and combining catalysts with different types of substrates.However,as the research progressed,the irreconcilable contradiction between catalytic speed and electrode stability gradually emerged.Measures to increase catalyst activity,including increasing specific surface area,reducing particle size,and increasing catalyst loading,will be accompanied by a decrease in stability.Measures to improve stability,including recombination with carbon supports and surface coating modifications of catalysts,will reduce activity to a certain extent.For practical reason,some compromises must be made.Magnetic field enhancement is a novel catalytic enhancement strategy that can effectively improve the performance of specific catalysts under the premise of stability.For an existing ferromagnetic catalyst,a magnet placed near the electrode can effectively reduce the reaction overpotential and increase the catalyst activity without changing its structure and composition.Recent studies have suggested that magnetic fields may promote oxygen evolution through several possible mechanisms,and that they co-operate.The magnetohydrodynamics effect can promote the transport of particles near the electrode and the desorption of newly formed bubbles,which are because the charged particles in the elect

关 键 词：析氧反应 磁场增强电催化 自旋选择效应 磁流体动力学效应 磁热效应 

分 类 号：O643.36[理学—物理化学] TQ116.21[理学—化学]