不同荷载条件下U型钢支架承载性能及失稳特征分析  

Analysis of bearing performance and instability characteristics of U-steel support under different load conditions

作　　者：王其洲[1,2] 刘高强 李宁[1,2] 叶海旺[1,2] 雷涛[1,2] WANG Qizhou;LIU Gaoqiang;LI Ning;YE Haiwang;LEI Tao(Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan,Hubei430070,China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学矿物资源加工与环境湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2023年第3期448-457,466,共11页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0605304);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2021BCA152);国家自然科学基金项目(51704218)。

摘　　要：以矿用直墙半圆拱U型钢支架为研究对象,采用理论分析、数值模拟和现场试验等方法,建立U型钢支架平面分析力学模型,并借助ABAQUS有限元软件构建U型钢可缩支架三维分析模型,研究支架整体均匀承载、顶梁承载、单侧棚腿承载和两侧棚腿承载等条件下的支架承载性能、失稳特征和危险截面位置。研究表明:U型钢支架外部荷载条件不同,承载能力存在很大差异,单侧棚腿受力的偏载状态为支架最容易失稳的荷载条件,其极限承载能力为整体均匀承载、顶梁单独承载和两侧棚腿对称承载条件下的44%,63%,79%;U型钢支架危险截面主要分布在顶梁中心、棚腿中部和底脚,且随着顶梁荷载增大,棚腿危险截面向顶梁偏移;支架外部荷载条件不同,失稳特征分别以“M”式、“尖顶”式和单侧跪腿式为主;针对任楼煤矿-720 m南翼轨道大巷失稳特征,提出U型钢支架+壁后充填+锚索耦合支护技术,优化支架外部荷载分布形式,提高支架整体承载能力和结构稳定性,有效控制了强采动影响巷道围岩变形。Taking the U-steel support with straight wall and semi-circular arch as the research object,the plane analysis mechanical model of U-steel support was established by using theoretical analysis,numerical simulation and field test methods,and the three-dimensional analysis model of U-steel telescopic support was built by using ABAQUS finite element software.The load-bearing performance,instability characteristics and dangerous section location of the support were studied under the conditions of uniform overall load,top beam load,single-side shed leg load and two-side shed leg load.The results show that the U-steel supports have great differences in bearing capacity under different external load conditions.The partial load state of one side shed leg is the load condition that the supports are most prone to instability.The ultimate bearing capacity of U-steel support is 44%,63%and 79%of the overall uniform load,the top beam alone load and the two sides of the shed leg symmetric load,respectively.The Usteel support's dangerous section is mainly distributed in the center of the roof beam,the middle of the shed leg and the bottom of the shed leg.The dangerous section of the shed leg shifts to the top beam with the increase of the load of the roof beam.Under different external load conditions,the instability characteristics of the support are mainly"M"shape,"pinnacle"shape and unilateral kneeling leg.In view of the instability characteristics of-720 m south wing track roadway in Renlou coal mine,a coupling support technology,composed by U-steel support,wall back filling and anchor cable,is proposed to optimize the external load distribution form of the support,improve the overall bearing capacity and structural stability of the support,and effectively control the surrounding rock deformation of roadway affected by strong mining.

关 键 词：U型钢支架 承载性能 危险截面 ABAQUS 荷载条件 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]