大倾角中厚煤层伪俯斜采场顶板破断及其充填实验研究  

Experimental study on roof fracture and gangue filling in pitching oblique mining area of steeply dipping medium thick coal seam

作　　者：解盘石[1,2] 张颖异 伍永平[1,2] 黄宝发 冯坤 陈显坤 XIE Panshi;ZHANG Yingyi;WU Yongping;HUANG Baofa;FENG Kun;CHEN Xiankun(Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploitation and Hazard Prevention,Ministry of Education,Xi'an,Shanx7i 10054,China;College of Energy Science and Engineering,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China;China Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing 100012,China;Cathay Safety Technology Co Ltd,Beijing 100012,China;Shandong Mining Machinery Group Co Ltd,Weifang,Shandong 261000,China;Sichuan Coal Industry Group Limited Liability Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610091,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [2]西安科技大学能源学院,陕西西安710054 [3]中国安全生产科学研究院,北京100012 [4]中安国泰(北京)科技发展有限公司,北京100012 [5]山东矿机华能装备制造有限公司,山东潍坊261000 [6]四川煤炭产业集团有限责任公司,四川成都610091

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2023年第3期534-542,共9页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52174126)。

摘　　要：为了研究大倾角伪俯斜采场顶板破断及其垮落充填规律,以四川绿水洞煤矿3222工作面为研究对象,采用三维物理相似模拟实验及现场实测的方法,分析了走向、倾向、垂向及时间维度下大倾角伪俯斜采场不同区域的顶板破断规律、工作面采空区形态及垮落顶板的充填特征。结果表明:大倾角伪俯斜采场顶板破断呈时序性特征,直接顶一般在工作面后方5~6 m范围内发生垮落,在伪俯斜工作面初次来压前,初次破断顺序为“倾斜中部—倾斜上部—倾斜下部”,基本顶初次破断轮廓呈非对称“O”型。随着工作面的开采,倾斜中上部垮落顶板在倾斜中部区域堆积,与顶底板之间形成稳定铰接结构,并随工作面推进在中部沿走向延伸,约束了顶板的破断且限制了倾斜中上部垮落顶板的倾向下滑,致使基本顶周期性破断顺序变为“倾斜上部—倾斜中部—倾斜下部”,且破断轮廓呈不规则“月牙”型。沿工作面倾斜方向不同区域顶板及垮落顶板形态不同,采空区矸石充填呈明显非均衡性特征。在工作面基本顶初次破断前,倾斜下部采空区矸石充填程度高于倾斜中部和上部;基本顶初次破断后,工作面倾斜中上部垮落顶板堆积充填量及充填范围远高于倾斜下部区域。大倾角伪俯斜采场倾斜中部堆积充填影响因素有工作面煤厚、顶板岩性及工作面伪斜布置等。现场实测和物理模拟结果相互印证,大倾角伪俯斜采场存在倾斜中部垮落顶板充填程度最大,倾斜中上部充填程度高于倾斜下部的非对称特征。In order to study the roof fracture and filling law in pitching oblique mining area of steeply dipping coal seam,the 3D physical similarity simulation experiment and field measurement were carried out,taking 3222 working face of Lvshuidong Coal Mine in Sichuan as the research object,to analyze the roof fracture rules and filling characteristics in different areas of large inclination pitching oblique stope under strike,dip,vertical and time dimensions.The results show that the roof fracture of the pitching oblique stope with steeply dipping coal seam represents the timing characteristics.The collapse of the immediate roof generally occurs in the range of 5-6 m behind the working face.Before the first weighting of the working face,the first fracture sequence of the main roof is"inclined middle area-upper middle area-lower middle area".The first fracture envelope of the main roof shows asymmetric"O"type over the steeply dipping stope.With the mining of the working face,the caved roof of the inclined middle and upper part accumulates in the inclined middle region,which forms a stable articulated structure with the roof and floor,and then extends along the strike in the middle.It restrains the roof breaking and limits the slide tendency of the roof collapsing in the middle and upper part of the inclined roof,resulting in the periodic breaking sequence of the main roof into"inclined upper part-inclined middle part-inclined lower part".The periodic fracture contour is irregular"crescent shape".The roof forms are different along the inclined direction of the working face,and the gangue filling in goaf shows obvious non-equilibrium characteristics.Before the first fracture of main roof,the filling degree of gangue in the inclined lower goaf is higher than that in the middle and upper part of the inclined face.After the first fracture of main roof,the filling amount and range of the caved roof in the middle and upper part are much higher than those in the lower part of the inclined face.The influencing factors of the fill

关 键 词：大倾角 伪俯斜采场 顶板破断 矸石充填 垮落形态 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]