二硝基苯胺类除草剂降解菌Pseudomonas sp.L217S4的筛选及降解特性  

Screening and degradation characteristics of dinitroaniline herbicide-degrading bacterium Pseudomonas sp.L217S4

作　　者：张楠楠 纪宇曦 陈国栋[1] 肖海兵[1] 万素梅[1] 董红强[1] 贾清华 ZHANG Nan-nan;JI Yu-xi;CHEN Guo-dong;XIAO Hai-bing;WAN Su-mei;DONG Hong-qiang;JIA Qing-hua(Tarim University a.College of Agronomy,Alar 843300,Xinjiang,China;Analysis and Testing Center,Alar 843300,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学农学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木大学分析测试中心,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《农药》2023年第6期416-421,共6页Agrochemicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31260441);国家重点研发计划项目“棉花轻简高效栽培技术集成与示范”(2020YFD1001000)。

摘　　要：[目的]筛选可降解二硝基苯胺类除草剂的土著细菌菌株,为新疆棉田土壤杂草处理剂的生物降解提供理论依据。[方法]以新疆棉田长期施用二硝基苯胺类除草剂的土壤为试验材料,采用直接稀释涂布分离法筛选以氟乐灵为唯一氮源的降解菌,利用摇床培养法优选对氟乐灵、仲丁灵、二甲戊灵等二硝基苯胺类除草剂均有降解效果的细菌菌株1株,利用单因素试验法对该菌株进行了降解特性研究。[结果]以氟乐灵为唯一氮源初筛的细菌菌株有6株,其中菌株L217S4对氟乐灵、仲丁灵、二甲戊灵处理3 d降解率分别为20.11%、21.05%、31.03%。经形态特征、生理生化特性以及16S r DNA序列比对分析,该菌株被鉴定为恶臭假单胞菌Pseudomonas putida。当培养环境pH为7时,该菌株对仲丁灵、二甲戊灵降解率达到最高,分别为46.2%、48.5%,对氟乐灵处理3 d降解率可达25.8%;当培养温度为35℃时,该菌株对氟乐灵、二甲戊灵处理3 d降解率达到最高,分别为38.6%、52.6%,对仲丁灵降解率可达41.4%;该菌株接种量6%时,对氟乐灵和二甲戊灵处理3 d降解最优,降解率分别为46.8%、65.8%,对仲丁灵降解率可达51.3%。[结论]菌株L217S4降解氟乐灵、仲丁灵、二甲戊灵等除草剂的最适降解条件为接种量6%,pH值7,温度35℃,为该菌株在新疆棉田修复二硝基苯胺类除草剂的污染提供理论基础。[Aims]Screening of indigenous bacterial strains capable of degrading dinitroaniline herbicides to provide a theoretical basis for the biodegradation of soil weed treatment agents in Xinjiang cotton fields.[Methods]The soil with long-term application of dinitroaniline pesticides in cotton fields in Xinjiang was used as the test material.The direct dilution coating separation method was used to screen the degrading bacteria with trifluralin as the sole nitrogen source.The shaking table culture method was used to optimize bacteria having degradation effect on trifluralin,butralin,pendimethalin and other dinitroaniline herbicides,and a bacterial strain with degradation effect was studied by single factor test.[Results]There were 6 bacterial strains screened with trifluralin as the sole nitrogen source and the degradation rates of strain L217S4 to trifluralin,butralin and pendimethalin were 20.11%,21.05%and 31.03%,respectively.The strain was identified as Pseudomonas putida by morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence alignment analysis.When the pH of the culture environment was 7,the strain had the highest degradation rate to butralin and pendimethalin,which were 46.2%and 48.5%respectively,and the degradation rate of trifluralin was 25.8%on day 3 after treatment.When the culture temperature was 35 C,the degradation rates of trifluralin and pendimethalin were the highest,which were 38.6%and 52.6%respectively,and the degradation rate of butralin was 41.4%.When the inoculation amount of the strain was 6%,the degradation rates of trifluralin and pendimethalin were 46.8%and 65.8%respectively,and the degradation rate of butralin was 51.3%.[Conclusions]The optimum degradation conditions for the strain L217S4 to degrade trifluralin,butralin,pendimethalin and other herbicides are inoculum 6%,pH 7 and temperature 35 C.This study provided a theoretical basis for the strain to repair the pollution of dinitroaniline herbicides in Xinjiang cotton fields.

关 键 词：氟乐灵 仲丁灵 二甲戊灵 恶臭假单胞菌 降解特性 

分 类 号：TQ450.2[化学工程—农药化工]