多梳抑制复合体PRC2在动植物中的组成与功能概述  

Composition and Function Overview of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 in Plants and Animals

作　　者：宋静云 刘欣颖 杨天越 Ralf Müller-Xing 邢倩 Song Jingyun;Liu Xinying;Yang Tianyue;Ralf Müller-Xing;Xing Qian(Key Laboratory of Northeast Saline-Alkaline Vegetation Restoration and Reconstruction(Ministry of Education),Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,150040;College of Life Sciences,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,150040)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,东北盐碱植被恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学生命科学学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2023年第12期4131-4140,共10页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C2016007)资助。

摘　　要：在许多生物体中,Polycomb group(PcG)蛋白在调节基因表达和维持发育状态方面起着重要作用。PcG蛋白以多种形式存在,主要形式为Polycomb repressive complex 1(PRC1)和Polycomb repressive complex2(PRC2)。其中PRC2是一种四亚基组蛋白甲基转移酶复合物,其作用是抑制基因表达。在许多物种的发育过程中,PRC2会通过形成不同的复合体发挥表观遗传调控作用,甚至在辅助组分的帮助下能够改变复合体活性或提供额外功能。本研究就PRC2在不同物种中的组成及功能研究进行综述,并对PRC2未来研究方向进行展望。In many organisms,Polycomb Group(PcG)protein plays an important role in regulating gene expression and maintaining developmental status.PcG proteins assemble into various complexes,the main form for Polycomb repressive complex 1(PRC1)and Polycomb repressive complex 2(PRC2).PRC2,a four-subunit histone methyltransferase complex,acts to inhibit gene expression.During development of many species,however,PRC2 forms different complexes to exert epigenetic regulation,and can be even modified with accessory components to affect the activity of the complex or to provide additional functions.Here,the composition and function of PRC2 in Drosophila,mammals and herbaceous plants are reviewed,and the future research direction of PRC2 is prospected.

关 键 词：PCG蛋白 PRC2 H3K27me3 表观遗传 

分 类 号：Q75[生物学—分子生物学]