“非粮化”种植对农民收入的影响:一个宏观比较视角的分析  

The impacts of non-grain production on farmers' income:From a macro-comparative perspective

作　　者：宋碧青 龙开胜[1] SONG Bi-qing;LONG Kai-sheng(College of Public Administration,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学公共管理学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2023年第2期244-253,共10页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：中国农业绿色发展研究会农业绿色发展研究课题(2022-13);江苏省重点智库研究课题(SZKKT2021005)。

摘　　要：保障种粮农民收入对于稳定粮食生产具有重要意义。现有观点认为种粮并不利于农民增收,种植经济作物具有更高的经济效益,但粮食和经济作物种植规模对农民收入的具体作用效果尚未得到充分检验。基于粮食和经济作物种植规模与农民收入变化的内在逻辑,利用2000—2019年中国分省面板数据,采用面板工具变量方法,揭示粮食和经济作物种植规模对农民不同类型收入的影响。结果表明,全国层面上,扩大粮食和经济作物种植规模均能促进农民总收入增加,且两者的促增程度相似,粮食作物种植对农民总收入的促增效应源于农业补贴等农民转移性收入上涨,经济作物种植有助于农民经营性收入和工资性收入增长。分区域来看,扩大粮食主产区内粮食作物种植规模有助于农民经营性收入增加,但对总收入的促增作用并不显著;非粮食主产区内种植经济作物对农民经营性收入、工资性收入和总收入具有显著正向作用。据此,建议推动实施差异化的“非粮化”整治措施;优化粮食补贴规则,提高粮食产品附加值;有序落实非粮食主产区的粮食生产责任。Increasing farmers' income is critical for ensuring grain output stability.Previous studies have shown that grain crop planting isn't conductive to increase farmers' income and non-grain production has higher economic benefits.However,the impacts of grain and cash crop planting scales on farmers' income have not been thoroughly evaluated.Based on a panel data in China from 2000-2019,this paper examined the impacts of grain and cash crop planting scales on farmers' income by a panel instrumental variable method.Results show that expanding grain and cash crop planting scales has a comparable positive effect on farmers' total income at the national level,which the impact of the two is similar.The increasing effect of grain crop cultivation on farmers' total income comes from the increase of transfer income such as agricultural subsidies.The cash crop planting scale has a great contribution to farmers' operating income and wage income.Expanding grain crop planting scale increases the operating income in major grain-producing areas,and the cash crop planting scale has a great contribution to farmers' operating income,wage income,and the total income.Therefore,this paper suggests to promote the implementation of differentiated non-grain treatment measures,to optimize grain subsidy rules,to increase the added values of grain products,and to implement the grain production responsibility in non-major grain-producing areas.

关 键 词：非粮化 粮食作物 经济作物 种植规模 农民收入 面板工具变量法 

分 类 号：F326.1[经济管理—产业经济]