农村集体土地股份合作制改革对农户收入的影响——基于陕西省1051户样本数据的估计  

The impacts of Rural Collective Land Joint-stock Cooperative System reform on farmers' income:Estimation based on a survey data of 1051 farmers in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：孙琳琳 吕德宏[1] 张雨 SUN Lin-lin;LüDe-hong;ZHANG Yu(College of Economics and Management,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2023年第2期274-284,共11页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：陕西省软科学研究项目(2023-CX-RKX-123);国家自然科学基金项目(72273106)。

摘　　要：农村集体土地股份合作制改革是壮大农村集体经济和增加农户收入的新举措。本文以陕西省眉县为例,利用实地调研数据,运用PSM-DID模型,分析农村集体土地股份合作制改革对农户收入的影响和对不同生产效率农户收入影响的差异性,并运用中介效应模型,探讨增收效应的作用机制。结果表明,集体土地经营模式以内股外租为主,规模经营效果显著,股份分红比例达45.45%。农村集体土地股份合作制改革初显成效,对农户家庭经营性收入、工资性收入影响效果不一,但对家庭总收入具有显著正向影响,能有效提高农户家庭总收入1.729万元。同时,农村集体土地股份合作制改革产生股份激励效应、产业带动效应和劳动力转移效应,形成对农户增收的稳定传递机制。此外,基于不同作用机制下集体土地股份合作制对不同生产效率农户的家庭收入具有差异性影响,对生产高效率农户的经营性收入提升更明显,对生产低效率农户的工资性收入增加更显著。因此,建议积极推进农村集体土地股份合作制改革,实施差异化土地股份合作制技术手段,健全土地股份改革的相关管理和服务等,以服务于农业现代化发展和乡村振兴战略。The Rural Collective Land Joint-stock Cooperative System(RCLJCS) is a new measure to strengthen rural collective economy and increase rural household income.Based on a field survey data of 1051 farmers of Meixian of Shaanxi Province,this paper analyzed the impacts of the RCLJCS reform on farmers' income and the difference of its impacts on farmers' income with different production efficiency by the PSM-DID model and explored the mechanism of income growth effect by the mediating effect model.Results show that the collective land management mode was dominated by the internal and external share leasing.The scale management effect was remarkable,and the share dividend ratio reached 45.45%.The reform of the RCLJCS has shown initial results and had different effects on farming income and wage income of rural households with a significant positive impact on the total household income,which could effectively increase the income by 17 290 yuan.At the same time,the reform of the RCLJCS had a stock incentive effect,an industrial driving effect,and a labor transfer effect,forming a stable transmission mechanism for the increase of rural households' income.In addition,based on different mechanisms of action,the RCLJCS had differential impacts on rural household income with different production efficiency.The increase in farming income of high-efficiency farmers was more obvious,and the increase in wage income of low-efficiency farmers was more significant.Therefore,to serve the development of agricultural modernization and rural revitalization strategy,this paper suggests to actively promote the reform of the RCLJCS,to implement differentiated technical means of the land joint-stock cooperative system,and to improve the relevant management and service of land joint-stock reform.

关 键 词：农村集体土地 股份合作制改革 农户收入 影响机制 经营性收入 工资性收入 

分 类 号：F301.11[经济管理—产业经济]