广西钦州市钦南区动物狂犬病紧急流行调查和应急处置  

An Epidemiological Investigation and Emergency Response to Animal Rabies in Qinnan District,Qinzhou City of Guangxi

作　　者：黄凤梅 张有华 吴健皓 郑敏 邹联斌 谢华艳 张华智 罗廷荣[4] Huang Fengmei;Zhang Youhua;Wu Jianhao;Zheng Min;Zou Lianbin;Xie Huayan;Zhang Huazhi;Luo Tingrong(Qinnan District Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention,Qinzhou,Guangxi 535000,China;Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning,Guangxi 530001,China;Qinzhou Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention,Qinzhou,Guangxi 535000,China;Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]钦州市钦南区动物疫病预防控制中心,广西钦州535000 [2]广西壮族自治区动物疫病预防控制中心,广西南宁530001 [3]钦州市动物疫病预防控制中心,广西钦州535000 [4]广西大学,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2023年第6期16-19,24,共5页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1800100)。

摘　　要：狂犬病是一种古老的人兽共患传染病,给人类生命造成严重威胁。2022年广西钦州市钦南区出现多起犬伤人事件,有1例人狂犬病致死事件。为查明疫情起因,摸清疫情基本情况,开展了动物狂犬病紧急流行病学调查。调查结果显示,2022年3月至2023年2月,钦南区共报告11起犬伤人事件,其咬伤21人,初步判断其中8例为犬狂犬病疑似病例,确诊2例。通过流行病学数据推测,钦南区及周边县区的乡村犬只存在携带狂犬病病毒现象,主要通过带毒的流浪犬咬伤健康家犬所致。由于钦南区犬只密度较高,犬免疫率和拴养率低,疫情扩散风险较大。本次疫情提示,加强犬只管理和提高犬只免疫密度是控制狂犬病的关键措施。应建立健全人和犬的狂犬病监测系统,采取综合防控措施,逐步在全区消除犬传人狂犬病。Rabies is an ancient zoonotic disease,posing a serious threat to human life.In 2022,a number of events concerning dog attack were reported in Qinnan District,Qinzhou City of Guangxi,including one death case of human rabies.In order to find out all causes and the general status of the event,an emergency epidemiological investigation for animal rabies was carried out.The results revealed that,from March 2022 to February 2023,a total of 11 dog attack events were reported in the district,covering 21 bitten persons.8 suspected rabies cases were primarily determined,and 2 were confirmed.It was speculated that,according to epidemiological data,rabies virus was carried by many dogs in the rural areas of the district and its surrounding counties,which was mainly caused by healthy domestic dogs bitten by stray dogs carrying the virus.The risk of virus spread was relatively high because of high density of dogs and low rates of dog immunization and chained-feed in the district.In conclusion,it was key to control rabies through strengthening dog management and improving dog immune density,indicating to develop and improve rabies surveillance system for human and dogs,and to apply comprehensive prevention and control measures to gradually eliminate dog-to-human rabies across the district.

关 键 词：狂犬病 紧急流行病学调查 应急处置 综合防控 

分 类 号：S851.3[农业科学—预防兽医学]