井窖深栽烟苗的生理响应及其转录组和次生代谢特征  

Physiological response and its transcriptomic and secondary metabolic characteristics of tobacco seedlings under well-cellar style transplanting

作　　者：林叶春 童文杰[2] 陈代荣 许灵杰 蒋石香 吴有祥 杨洋 艾永峰 李洪勋 潘文杰 LIN Yechun;TONG Wenjie;CHEN Dairong;XU Lingjie;JIANG Shixiang;WU Youxiang;YANG Yang;AI Yongfeng;LI Hongxun;PAN Wenjie(Upland Flue-cured Tobacco Quality&Ecology Key Laboratory of China Tobacco,Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science,Guiyang 550081,Guizhou,China;Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650021,Yunnan,China;Tongren Branch Company of Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company,Tongren 554300,Guizhou,China;Guizhou Tobacco Company,China National Tobacco Corporation,Guiyang 550000,Guizhou,China;Zunyi Branch Company of Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company,Zunyi 563000,Guizhou,China;China Tobacco Guizhou Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550009,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省烟草科学研究院,烟草行业山地烤烟品质与生态重点实验室,贵州贵阳550081 [2]云南省烟草农业科学研究院,云南昆明650021 [3]贵州省烟草公司铜仁市公司,贵州铜仁554300 [4]中国烟草总公司贵州省公司,贵州贵阳550000 [5]贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司,贵州遵义563000 [6]贵州中烟工业有限责任公司,贵州贵阳550009

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2023年第3期305-318,共14页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31601273);中国烟草总公司贵州省公司项目(2020XM10)。

摘　　要：为揭示井窖深栽促进作物生长的理论机制,以常规移栽为对照,比较分析了井窖深栽烟苗的生理生化和转录组特征。结果表明:井窖深栽烟苗生长环境的平均气温为22.29℃,比常规移栽提高了4.76℃;环境相对湿度为97.10%,较常规移栽增加了58.97%;烟苗叶片的平均太阳光合有效辐射为221.57μmol/(m^(2)·s),比常规移栽降低了20.53%。与常规移栽相比,井窖深栽烟苗株高显著增加,最大叶面积显著增大,叶片水势提高29.92%~64.46%,增加显著;叶片超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase, POD)活性及丙二醛(malonaldehyde,MDA)含量分别降低了14.48%、8.86%和9.83%(P<0.05)。转录组测序共发现4 845个差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes, DEGs),其中下调表达基因2 693个,上调表达基因2 152个;基因本体(gene ontology, GO)富集分析表明,下调DEGs主要富集于氧化还原过程和氧化还原酶活性等功能途径;京都基因和基因组数据库(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, KEGG)通路富集分析表明,DEGs最显著富集于黄酮类化合物生物合成途径,该途径关键酶查耳酮异构酶、黄烷酮-3-羟化酶、黄酮醇合成酶、黄酮类-3′-羟化酶、黄酮醇-3-O-葡萄糖苷L-鼠李素转移酶等的相关基因表达下调。常规移栽烟苗叶片中的二氢槲皮素、芦丁、山柰酚-3-O-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-半乳糖苷、木犀草素、异鼠李素-3-O-芸香糖苷和山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷等7种黄酮类化合物含量显著高于井窖深栽烟苗。井窖深栽提高了移栽烟苗生长环境的温、湿度,降低了叶片光合有效辐射,避免了烟苗遭遇明显逆境胁迫,促进了烟苗的生长发育。In order to demonstrate the mechanism of promoting crop growth by the well-cellar style transplanting(WCST),this study analyzed the physiological,biochemical and transcriptomic characteristics of tobacco seedlings under WCST compared with the conventional transplanting(CT),in which seedlings were transplanted on membranes.The results showed that under WCST,the average air temperature and average relative humidity of the atmosphere were 22.29℃and 97.10%,enhanced by 4.76℃and 58.97%compared with CT,respectively.However,the average photosynthetically active radiation(PAR)was 221.57μmol/(m^(2)·s),reduced by 20.53%than CT.After transplanting,the plant height and maximum leaf area under WCST were significantly improved,and the leaf water potential was enhanced between 29.92%and 64.46%.Furthermore,superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)activities and malonaldehyde(MDA)content were reduced by 14.48%,8.86%,and 9.83%compared with CT(P<0.05),respectively.There were 4845 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)identified,including 2693 down-regulated genes and 2152 up-regulated genes according to transcriptome sequencing.Some down-regulated DEGs are significantly enriched in“oxidation-reduction process”and“oxidoreductase activity”according to gene ontology(GO)annotation.Some DEGs involved in“flavonoid biosynthesis”are significantly enriched according to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis.WCST decreased the gene expressions of chalcone isomerase,flavanone-3-hydroxylase,flavonol synthase,flavonoid-3´-hydroxylase,and flavonol-3-O-glucoside L-rhamnosyltransferase related with flavonoid biosynthesis,and significantly reduced the contents of the dihydroquercetin,rutin,kaempferol-3-O-glucoside,quercetin-3-O-galactoside,luteolin,isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside.The higher air temperature,air relative humidity and lower PAR were beneficial to the growth and development of tobacco seedlings under WCST,which avoiding the adverse stress.

关 键 词：常规移栽 井窖深栽 逆境胁迫 RNA测序 黄酮类生物合成 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]