清代扬州贺氏东园研究  

He Junzhao’s Dongyuan Garden in Yangzhou City During the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：施袁顺 许浩[1,3] Shi Yuanshun;Xu Hao(College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037;School of Art,Wuxi Taihu University,Wuxi 214064;Centre,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学风景园林学院,南京210037 [2]无锡太湖学院艺术学院,无锡214064 [3]南京林业大学园林图像史学研究中心,南京210037

出　　处：《建筑遗产》2023年第1期109-117,共9页Heritage Architecture

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(22FYSB022)。

摘　　要：扬州贺氏东园是乾隆时期盐商贺君召所建私园,因其高超的造园技法与雅集活动而位列“扬州八大名园”,是清中期扬州湖上园林的典型代表。文章基于文献资料,利用图文互证、历史图景还原等方法,对贺氏东园的历史沿革、空间环境、造园要素进行了考证与分析,并在此基础上探寻其造园艺术。研究发现,贺氏东园始建于乾隆七年(1742),历时4年建成,毁于道光年间;选址于洲岛之上,兼具蜀冈、瘦西湖山水之妙与云山阁旧址文化底蕴;空间处理手法多样,功能布局合理,分为南北两区,满足祭祀、游赏等园居需求;景致营造因地制宜,善用虚实借景,与周边胜景融为一体。此外,东园的“开放性”特点与后期改建历程也为研究扬州湖上园林的变迁提供了例证。The Dongyuan Garden in Yangzhou was a private garden during the Qianlong reign(1736–1796)built by He Junzhao,a Qing-dynasty salt merchant.As a representative Yangzhou lakeside garden during the middle of the Qing Dynasty,it was renowned as one of‘the Eight Famous Gardens of Yangzhou’for its exceptional gardening techniques and literati gatherings.Based on historical documents and images,this article examines the history,space,and elements of Dongyuan Garden,recreates the garden’s landscape through historical paintings,and further explores its gardening art.It reveals that the construction of Dongyuan Garden began in 1742 and lasted four years,and was dilapidated during the Daoguang reign(1821–1850).Located on an island,the garden integrated the historical site of the former Yunshan Pavilion with the beauty of Shugang Mountain and the Slender West Lake.This Garden,consisting of the north and south sectors,was reasonably laid out using various spatial techniques to meet the needs for rituals,sightseeing,etc.The gardening was based on the existing landscape,and merged with the surroundings by borrowing both real and imagined sceneries.Additionally,the‘openness’of Dongyuan Garden and its later transformation provide an example for studying the development of Yangzhou’s lakeside gardens.

关 键 词：扬州园林 清代 贺氏东园 湖上园林 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] K928.73[历史地理—人文地理学] TU986.55