带橡胶阻尼块压气机整流器振动特性分析  

Analysis of Vibration Characteristics of Guide Vanes of Compressor with Rubber Damping Block

作　　者：冯晨曦 漆文凯[1] 朱银方 FENG Chen-xi;QI Wen-kai;ZHU Yin-fang(College of Energy and Power Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;AECC Hunan Aviation Powerplant Research Institute,Zhuzhou Hunan 412002,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学能源与动力学院,南京210016 [2]中国航发湖南动力机械研究所,湖南株洲412002

出　　处：《航空发动机》2023年第3期96-104,共9页Aeroengine

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2017-IV-0006-0043)资助。

摘　　要：橡胶的动态特性及频率与应变相关。为了研究航空发动机带橡胶阻尼块整流器叶片结构的振动特性,使用有限元仿真和试验相结合的方法,建立了适用于此结构的动态模型,分别使用硅橡胶N50、硅橡胶N60、天然橡胶N60和丁晴橡胶N60这4种橡胶阻尼块对该结构进行了试验和仿真。对4种橡胶进行准静态拉伸试验,使用Neo-Hookean超弹性模型进行拟合得出CNH1与最大应变εm的3次多项式,带入ANSYS进行橡胶柱压缩仿真从而验证模型的可靠性;对橡胶进行动刚度试验,得出橡胶动态模量随频率的增大而逐渐递增;建立非线性弹簧-分数导数模型,带入ANSYS进行迭代计算,并进行扫频试验,对得出的不同橡胶阻尼块下叶片的第1阶共振频率的仿真结果和试验结果进行对比可知,模型的计算误差均小于5%。综合分析表明:非线性弹簧-分数导数模型能够准确地描述带橡胶阻尼块整流器叶片结构的振动特性。The dynamic characteristics and frequencies of rubber are related to its strain.In order to study the vibration characteristics of aeroengine guide vanes structure with rubber damping blocks,a dynamic model of the structure was established by the method of finite element simulation and experiment.The structure was tested and simulated with four kinds of rubber damping blocks,namely silicone rub⁃ber N50,silicone rubber N60,natural rubber N60 and NBR N60.Quasi-static tensile tests were performed on the four kinds of rubbers,and the Neo-Hookean hyperelastic constitutive model was used for data fitting to obtain the cubic polynomial of CNH1 with respect to the maximum strainεm,and ANSYS was used to simulate the compression of the rubber column to verify the reliability of the model.The dy⁃namic stiffness tests of rubber show that the dynamic modulus of rubber increases gradually with the increase of frequency.A fractional de⁃rivative model was established and brought into ANSYS for iterative calculation,and frequency sweep tests were carried out.By comparing the simulation results and test results of the first resonant frequency of the vanes with different rubber damping blocks,it can be seen that the calculation error of the model is less than 5%.The comprehensive analysis shows that the nonlinear spring-fractional derivative model can accurately describe the vibration characteristics of the guide vane structure with rubber damping blocks.

关 键 词：橡胶阻尼块 整流器叶片 振动特性 准静态试验 动态模量试验 非线性弹簧-分数导数模型 航空发动机 

分 类 号：V231.92[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]