西藏地区崩塌滑坡影响因子敏感性分析  

Susceptibility analysis on influencing factors of rockfalls and landslides in Tibet

作　　者：吴森 张文[2] 刘民生[2] WU Sen;ZHANG Wen;LIU Minsheng(Sichuan Institute of Geological Engineering Investigation Group Co.Ltd.,Chengdu,Sichuan 610032,China;Institute of Exploration Technology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Chengdu,Sichuan 611734,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省地质工程勘察院集团有限公司,四川成都610032 [2]中国地质科学院探矿工艺研究所,四川成都611734

出　　处：《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2023年第3期109-117,共9页The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control

基　　金：西藏自治区地质灾害防治技术研究与示范项目(藏财采[2020]0890-1)。

摘　　要：西藏地区地形地貌复杂,构造活动强烈,气候条件多样,地质灾害频发,对全区经济建设和社会发展的影响日趋显著。其中,崩塌、滑坡是西藏地区常见的地质灾害,为了定量分析研究区内崩塌、滑坡影响因子的敏感性,文中基于GIS与确定性系数分析方法,选取了坡度、坡向、地形起伏度、坡形、高程、距地质构造距离、河网密度、工程地质岩组等8个因子开展了崩塌、滑坡影响因子敏感性分析。分析结果表明:(1)西藏地区崩塌、滑坡影响因子高敏感性区间为:斜坡坡度大于30°,坡向为南东向、南向、南西向,地形起伏度在200~800 m/km^(2),坡形为凹形坡,高程在1500~4500 m,距地质构造距离0~3 km,河网密度>0.5 km/km^(2),代号为YJ2、TS1、TS2、BZ1的岩组,灾害与影响因子之间表现出较好的相关性。(2)影响因子间的敏感性大小:坡度>工程地质岩组>高程>坡形>河网密度>地形起伏度>坡向>距地质构造距离。研究结果对西藏地区崩塌、滑坡易发性评价工作提供了参考。Geological disasters such as rockfalls and landslides are common in the Tibet region due to its complex topography,strong tectonic movements,and diverse climate conditions.These disasters have an increasingly significant impact on the region's economic construction and social development.In order to assess the susceptibility of rockfalls and landslides in a quantitative manner,this study selected eight factors,including slope,aspect,topographic relief,slope shape,elevation,distance to fault,river density,and engineering geological group,to conduct the sensitivity analysis of the influencing factors by applying GIS and certainty factor analysis methods.The research shows that there is a direct correlation between rockfall,landslide and influencing factors,and the susceptibility of these hazards is high in the areas with:(1)a slope greater than 30°,(2)aspect facing southeast,south,or southwest direction,(3)topographic relief of 200~800 m/km^(2),(4)concave slope,(5)elevation between 1500 and 4500 m,(6)distance between 0 and 3 km to fault,(7)river density greater than 0.5 km/km^(2),(8)lithologies identified by the codes of YJ2,TS1,TS2,and BZ1.The susceptibility of the factors is ranked in descending order as slope>engineering geological group>elevation>slope shape>river density>topographic relief>aspect>distance to fault.These results can be used as a reference for assessing the susceptibility of rockfalls and landslides in Tibet.

关 键 词：西藏地区 崩塌 滑坡 影响因子 敏感性分析 确定性系数 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学]