基于角道集数据地层Q值提取方法研究  

Q-value Extraction Method Based on Angle Gather Data

作　　者：王小杰[1,2] 颜中辉 刘欣欣[1,2] Wang Xiaojie;Yan Zhonghui;Liu Xinxin(Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology,Shandong,266071;Function Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resource Geology and Exploration,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Shandong,266071)

机构地区：[1]青岛海洋地质研究所,山东266071 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室,山东266071

出　　处：《当代化工研究》2023年第12期174-178,共5页Modern Chemical Research

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金面上基金“跨频段融合天然气水合物储层检测研究”(项目编号:ZR2021MD118);崂山实验室科技创新项目“海域强屏蔽层下与崎岖海底深层地震采集技术”(项目编号:LSKJ202203404);国家自然科学基金“基于多分辨HHT时频分析的南黄海中深层弱地震反射补偿研究”(项目编号:42106208)。

摘　　要：地震波衰减是实际介质的一种重要属性。地震波衰减的提取方法对地震资料的品质要求比较高,角道集资料比叠后地震资料含有更加丰富的地层信息,比叠前地震资料具有更高的信噪比;同时S域谱比法不仅充分考虑了因地层吸收而引起的振幅、频率等信息的变化,而且避免了通常品质因子计算中的平均效应,使估算的品质因子更加准确。基于以上的考虑,本文基于角道集资料利用S域谱比法提取地层频谱比斜率值,再通过三角度归零处理得到零炮检距处的地层Q值,消除了入射角对地层Q值的影响,使得到的结果更加精确。模型数据和实际资料的应用表明,该方法的准确性更高、适用性更强。Seismic wave attenuation is an important attribute of real medium.The requirement of extraction method of seismic attenuation to the seismic data quality is relatively high.Angle gather data contains more abundant stratigraphic information than post–stack seismic data,with higher signal-to noise ratio than the pre-stack seismic data;At the same time spectral ratio in S domain not only considers the change of the amplitude、frequency and other information caused by the stratigraphic absorption,but also avoids the average effect of quality factor calculation usually,which makes the estimation of quality factor more accurate.Based on the above considerations,this paper uses the method of spectral ratio in S domain to extract the slope of spectral ratio based on angel gather data,then through the three angel return-to-zero processing to obtain the strata Q value of zero offset,eliminating the effect of incident angel to the Q value,so as to obtain more accurate results.The application of model data and real data indicates the accuracy of this method higher,applicability stronger.

关 键 词：地震波衰减 角道集数据 频谱比 参数提取 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]