2006—2021年三明市新发尘肺病患者接尘工龄和首诊年龄分析  

Analysis on dust exposure duration and first diagnosis age of new pneumoconiosis patients in Sanming City from 2006-2021

作　　者：石剑锋[1] 黄馨[2] 谢炳熔 SHI Jian-feng;HUANG Xin;XIE Bing-rong(Center of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Sanming Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Sanming Fujian,365000,China;Internal Medicine Department,Sanming First Hospital,Sanming Fujian,365000,China)

机构地区：[1]三明市疾病预防控制中心职防中心,福建三明365000 [2]三明市第一医院内科,福建三明365000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2023年第9期1171-1175,共5页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的 分析2006—2021年三明市新发尘肺病患者的发病特征,为提升尘肺病防治工作成效提供依据。方法 自《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》职业病与职业卫生信息监测子系统导出2006—2021年三明市新发尘肺病个案库,对尘肺病分期、性别、病种、地区分布,接尘工龄和首诊年龄进行描述分析。结果 2006—2021年三明市新发尘肺病2 567例,其中尘肺壹期1 728例(67.31%),尘肺贰期548例(21.35%),尘肺叁期291例(11.34%);男性2 556例(99.57%),女性11例(0.43%);以煤工尘肺(1862例)和矽肺(642例)为主,占97.55%;以大田县1 297例(50.53%)、永安市997例(38.84%)分布较多;发病有4个高峰,分别为2010年、2012年、2016年和2019—2020年;尘肺病平均接尘工龄9.50(5.17,18.25)年,平均首诊年龄(49.99±8.05)岁。接尘工龄<5年610例(23.76%),首诊年龄≥60岁267例(10.40%);首诊尘肺贰期和叁期839例(32.68%);尘肺贰期和叁期的接尘工龄均低于尘肺壹期(H=428.03、535.18,均P<0.01);尘肺叁期的首诊年龄均高于尘肺壹期、贰期(P<0.01);煤工尘肺平均接尘工龄、平均首诊年龄均小于矽肺(P<0.01)。结论 2006—2021年三明市尘肺病形势严峻,防治重点为煤工尘肺和矽肺,要加强对粉尘危害严重地区和行业的监管,落实职业健康监护,保障劳动者职业健康权益。Objective To analyze the characteristics of new pneumoconiosis patients in Sanming City from 2006 to 2021,so as to provide basis for improving the effectiveness of pneumoconiosis prevention and treatment.Methods The new pneumoconiosis case database in Sanming City from 2006 to 2021 was exported from the China Information System for Disease Control and Preventionoccupational disease and occupational health information monitoring subsystem,and the pneumoconiosis stage,gender,disease type,regional distribution,dust exposure duration and first diagnosis age were analyzed descriptively.Results There were 2567 new cases with pneumoconiosis in Sanming City from 2006 to 2021,including 1728 cases(67.31%)with pneumoconiosis stage I,548 cases(21.35%)with pneumoconiosis stagell and 291 cases(11.34%)with pneumoconiosis stage II.There were 2556 males(99.57%)and 11 females(0.43%).The coal workers pneumoconiosis(1862 cases)and silicosis(642 cases)accounted for 97.55%.The regions with more cases were Datian County(1297 cases,50.53%)and Yong'an City(997 cases,38.84%).There were four peaks in the incidence,which were 2010,2012,2016 and 2019-2020,respectively.The average dust exposure duration of pneumoconiosis patients was 9.50(5.17,18.25)years,and the average first diagnosis age was(49.99±8.05)years old.610 cases(23.76%)had been exposed to dust for<5 years,and 267 cases(10.40%)had the first diagnosis age≥60 years old.839 cases(32.68%)were diagnosed as pneumoconiosis stage II and stage II at the first diagnosis.The dust exposure duration of patients with pneumoconiosis stage ll and stage II was lower than that of patients with pneumoconiosis stage I(H=428.03,535.18,both P<0.01).The first diagnosis age of patients with pneumoconiosis stage II was higher than that of patients with pneumoconiosis stage I and stage II(P<0.01).The average dust exposure duration and the average first diagnosis age of patients with coal workers'pneumoconiosis were lower than those of silicosis patients(P<0.01).Conclusion There is severe pneumoconiosis

关 键 词：新发尘肺病 接尘工龄 首诊年龄 尘肺病防治 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]