论船员工资请求权的转移  

On the Transfer of the Right to Claim Crew Wages

作　　者：丁傲 DING AO

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学法学院

出　　处：《吉林省教育学院学报》2023年第5期182-186,共5页Journal of Jilin Provincial Institute of Education

摘　　要：船员工资请求权是受船舶优先权担保的海事请求权,其可否转移在理论界和海事司法实践领域中仍存在较大争论。海事请求权可通过转让和代位的方式转移,且代位仅指法定代位。船员工资请求权属于可以转让的债权,且允许船员工资请求权转让与保护船员基本生存权利的立法目的并不冲突,法律对船员的特殊保护不应体现在限制船员工资请求权的转让上,故船员工资请求权可以无限制地转让。第三人代为履行将发生法定代位的效果,支付船员工资属于可以由第三人代为履行的债务,第三人垫付船员工资构成第三人代为履行,将产生代位取得船员工资请求权的法律后果,而非形成新的借贷之债,故船员工资请求权可以法定代位。The right to claim crew wages is a maritime claim secured by the maritime lien,and whether it can be transferred is still controversial in theoretical circles and maritime judicial practice.Maritime claims may be transferred by assignment and subrogation,and subrogation refers only to legal subrogation.The right to claim wages of crew members is a claim that can be transferred,and allowing the transfer of the right to claim crew wages does not conflict with the legislative purpose of protecting the basic right to life of crew members.The special protection of crew members by law should not be reflected in restricting the transfer of crew wage claims,therefore,the right to claim wages of crew wages can be transferred without restrictions.The performance of the crew by a third party on behalf of the crew will have the effect of legal subrogation,the payment of crew wages is a debt that can be performed by a third party,and the advance of crew wages by a third party constitutes a third party's performance on behalf of the third party,which will have the legal consequences of subrogation to obtain the right to claim crew wages,rather than forming a new debt for loans,so the right to claim crew wages can be legally subrogated.

关 键 词：船员工资 债权转让 法定代位 第三人代为清偿 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]