考虑源荷不确定性的多微电网鲁棒优化调度与VCG机制竞价策略  

Robust Optimal Scheduling of Multi-microgrid and Bidding Strategy of VCG Mechanism Considering Renewable Energy-load Uncertainty

作　　者：李咸善[1] 王苗 LI Xianshan;WANG Miao(Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Operation and Control of Cascade Hydropower Stations(China Three Gorges University),Yichang 443002,Hubei Province,China;College of Electrical Engineering&New Energy,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]梯级水电站运行与控制湖北省重点实验室(三峡大学),湖北省宜昌市443002 [2]三峡大学电气与新能源学院,湖北省宜昌市443002

出　　处：《电网技术》2023年第6期2330-2343,共14页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51607105);湖北省技术创新重大项目(2017AAA132)。

摘　　要：现代微电网集群新能源就地消纳的高效性和调度策略规避风险的能力日益受到关注,其与源荷不确定性和微电网之间的交互模式密切相关。为此,基于维克瑞–克拉克–格罗夫斯交易机制(Vickrey-Clarke-Groves,VCG)和鲁棒优化理论,提出了多微电网两阶段鲁棒优化调度模型,第1阶段:“新能源互补交易–净负荷波动平抑–余负荷功率平衡”优化调度模型,首先直接针对微电网间余缺新能源进行互补竞争性交易,引入VCG机制应对微电网谎报估值的行为,合理匹配余缺新能源,实现新能源高效就地消纳;再基于储能平抑拍卖之后的净负荷功率波动,综合考虑净负荷均方差和储能成本最小,优化储能充放电策略;最后通过可控机组以及与配电网交互实现余负荷功率平衡。第2阶段:不确定性决策校正模型,根据不确定性实际出现的情况对第1阶段的优化决策进行校正。采用列约束生成算法(columnand constraint generation algorithm,C&CG)求解优化模型,通过两阶段交互迭代以寻找恶劣场景,并得到该恶劣场景下微电网间的交易策略以及各设备功率调度计划。仿真结果验证了所提策略的有效性。The efficiency of new energy local consumption and the ability of scheduling strategy to avoid risks in modern microgrid cluster are increasingly concerned,which are closely related to the uncertainty of new energy-load and the interaction mode between microgrids.Therefore,this paper proposes a two-stage robust optimization scheduling model for multi-microgrid based on Vickrey-Clarke-Groves(VCG)trading mechanism and robust optimization theory.Phase I:“New energy complementary trading-net load fluctuation smoothing-power balance”optimization scheduling model.Firstly,the complementary competitive transaction is directly carried out for surplus and shortage of new energy between microgrids,and VCG mechanism is introduced to deal with the misrepresentation of valuation for microgrids and realize the reasonable matching of new energy resource,so as to achieve efficient local consumption of new energy.Then MG smooth net load power fluctuation after auction based on energy storage.Considering minimum load mean square deviation and energy storage cost,the charging and discharging power of energy storage in each period is optimized.Finally,residual load power balance is achieved through controllable units and interaction with distribution network.Phase II:Uncertainty decision correction model,optimization decision in Phase I is corrected according to actual situation of uncertainty.The optimization model is solved by column and constraint generation algorithm(C&CG).Two-stage interactive iteration is used to find the bad scenario,and trading strategy between microgrids and power scheduling plan of each unit in this bad scenario are obtained.Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

关 键 词：多微电网系统 不确定性 两阶段鲁棒优化 双向拍卖 VCG机制 列约束生成算法 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]