高空大型无人机下投探空观测资料分析  

Analysis of dropsonde observation data of high-altitude large UAV

作　　者：高涛 郭然[3] 刘振宇 孙夏 王博坤 Gao Tao;Guo Ran;Liu Zhenyu;Sun Xia;Wang Bokun(Hainan Meteorological Observation Center,Haikou 570203,China;Key Laboratory of South China Sea Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Hainan Province,Beijing 100000,China;Meteorological Observation Center of China Meteorological Administration,Haikou 570203,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省气象探测中心,海南海口570203 [2]海南省南海气象防灾减灾重点实验室,北京100000 [3]中国气象局气象探测中心,海南海口570203

出　　处：《海南大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期182-190,共9页Natural Science Journal of Hainan University

基　　金：中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2022J065);中国气象局气象探测中心青年科技课题(MOCQN202111)。

摘　　要：基于2020年8月2日在南海开展的中国首次高空大型无人机观测试验获取的下投探空观测资料、邻近站点常规探空资料和ERA5再分析资料,通过分析资料间的误差、平均绝对误差、均方根误差、相关系数、标准差和变化趋势,研究了下投探空资料的质量水平及其与ERA5再分析资料间的差异,并讨论了引起下投探空观测误差的原因,结果表明:各组下投探空之间温度一致性最优,好于湿度,明显好于风向风速;以常规探空为标准进行对比,下投探空温度、湿度、风速误差水平接近WMO CIMO的精度要求,风向受探空仪下落速度和下垫面差异影响导致误差较大;ERA5的温度、中下层湿度与下投探空偏差较小,风向相差较大,风速在1 000~2 000 m高度区间偏差较大,下投探空上层湿度明显偏干;探空仪高速下落对湿度、风向、风速测量准确度影响明显,湿度还受传感器测量性能影响,可能受环境温度突变影响.In the report,based on the dropsonde data collected from the Chinese first high-altitude large-scale unmanned aeri-al vehicle(UAV)observation experiment in the South China Sea on August 2,2020 and the radiosonde data nearby and the ERA5 reanalysis datasets,the error,mean absolute error,root-mean-square error,correlation coefficient,standard deviation and change trend were analyzed to study the quality of dropsonde data and its difference with ERA5 reanalysis datasets and the causes of dropsonde measurement errors.The results showed that between the groups of dropsonde data,the consistency of temperature is optimal,which is better than that of humidity and significantly better than that of wind direction and wind speed;the conventional radiosonde is used as the standard,and the comparison were performed,the error level of temperature,humidity and wind speed of dropsonde is close to the accuracy requirements of WMO CIMO,the wind direction error is large due to the influence of the soundings drop speed and the difference of the lower pad surface;the deviation of the temperature,lower and middle humidity of ERA5 reanalysis datasets is low,however,the deviation of the wind direction is high,which is especially high in the 1 000~2 000 m height range,and the humidity of dropsonde is obviously dry in upper layer;the high-speed fall of the soundings has obvious influence on the accuracy of humidity,wind direction and wind speed measurement,and the humidity is also affected by the measurement performance of the sensor and may be affected by sudden changes of ambient temperature.

关 键 词：高空大型无人机 下投探空 常规探空 ERA5 

分 类 号：TP311.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]