天牛上颚式仿生鲜食玉米摘穗台关键部件设计与试验  

Design and experiments of key components of fresh corn ear picking platform

作　　者：杨幼铭 张喜瑞[1] 刘俊孝 董学虎 Yang Youming;Zhang Xirui;Liu Junxiao;Dong Xuehu(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Hainan Agricultural Machinery Appraisal and extension Station,Haikou 570203,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学机电工程学院,海南海口570228 [2]海南省农业机械鉴定推广站,海南海口570203

出　　处：《海南大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期191-198,共8页Natural Science Journal of Hainan University

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划(ZDYF2020025);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0701203-03)。

摘　　要：针对鲜食玉米收获时玉米茎秆收聚率低、茎秆切断不流畅和切断率低等问题,通过提取天牛上颚切割齿部位齿廓曲线,对鲜食玉米摘穗台关键部件进行了设计,设计了天牛上颚式往复仿生切割器;分析了分禾器与鲜食玉米植株之间的运动关系以及分禾器工作时的受力,设计了四棱式分禾器;以茎秆漏割率和茎秆未收聚率为目标值进行了田间试验.结果表明:当作业机前进速度为2.1 m·s^(-1),仿生往复式切割器动刀片切割速度为1.6 m·s^(-1)时,茎秆漏割率和植被未收获率均为2.5%,大大降低了切割阻力,提升了切割效果,未收聚率明显低于普通分禾器,能够满足鲜食玉米机械化摘穗作业的要求.In the report,aimed at the problems of low stalk gathering rate,poor stem cutting,and low cutting rate during fresh corn harvest,the tooth profile curve of the upper jaw of longicorn was extracted to design the key components of fresh corn picking table,the reciprocating bionic cutting device of longicorn upper jaw was designed.The movement relationship between the grain divider and fresh corn plants and the force of the grain divider were analyzed to design the four-edge grain divider.At the same time,the field experiments were performed with the target value of stalk missed cutting rate and stalk unrecovered rate.The results indicated that when the cutting speed of the machine was 2.1 m·s^(-1)and the cutting speed of the bionic reciprocating cutterυp was 1.6 m·s^(-1),the missing cutting rate of the stem was 2.5%,which greatly reduced the cutting resistance and improve the cutting effects.The unrecovered rate of the plant was 2.5%,which is lower than that of the common grain divider significantly,and which can meet the requirements of mechanized panicle picking of fresh corn.

关 键 词：农业机械 鲜食玉米 收获装备 仿生切割装置 分禾器 

分 类 号：S225.51[农业科学—农业机械化工程]