基于文献的糖尿病肾病动物模型应用分析  

Animal Modeling of Diabetic Nephropathy:A Study Based on Literature

作　　者：黄湘宁 王屹菲 俞赟丰 刘秀[2] 唐彬荃 喻嵘[2] HUANG Xiangning;WANG Yifei;YU Yunfeng;LIU Xiu;TANG Binquan;YU Rong(The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha 410007,China;Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha 410208,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南中医药大学第一附属医院,长沙410007 [2]湖南中医药大学,长沙410208

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2023年第13期188-196,共9页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U21A20411);湖南中医药大学校级研究生创新课题项目(2022CX142)。

摘　　要：目的:研究糖尿病肾病动物模型的造模要素及检测指标,总结其特点与不足之处,为糖尿病肾病动物模型规范造模、合理应用提供参考。方法:通过在中国知网、万方、PubMed等数据库中检索近10年收录的糖尿病肾病动物实验期刊文献,用Excel进行整理,归纳动物种类、性别、造模方法、成模标准、检测指标等建立数据库进行数据分析。结果:筛选纳入文献共287篇,糖尿病肾病动物实验造模多选用雄性SD大鼠;造模以建立1型糖尿病模型为基础者,多采用链脲佐菌素(STZ)单次60~69 mg·kg^(-1)或50 mg·kg^(-1)连续5 d行腹腔注射;以2型糖尿病为基础者,多采用单次小剂量30~39 mg·kg^(-1)或30 mg·kg^(-1)连续2 d腹腔注射配合4周的高脂高糖饮食;成模标准多以血糖及24 h尿蛋白定量为评判指标;检测指标包括基础指标、糖脂代谢指标、肾功能指标等。结论:糖尿病肾病动物模型是基础实验研究的常用模型,但缺少统一的动物模型制备及评价标准,且在造模过程中缺少中医药因素干预,通过文献整理、数据分析可对糖尿病肾病动物模型制备因素、成模标准及关键指标等进行梳理,总结其特点与不足,以期构建成模率高、符合临床发病过程、与临床证候吻合度高的动物模型。Objective:To summarize the modeling elements,evaluation indicators,characteristics,and drawbacks of the animal models of diabetic nephropathy,and thus provide guidance for the standardized modeling and rational application of these models.Method:The articles about the animal experiments of diabetic nephropathy published in the last decade were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Data,and PubMed.The data of animal species,sex,modeling techniques,modeling criteria,and evaluation indicators were analyzed in Excel.Result:A total of 287 publications were included in this study.Male SD rats were mainly used for the modeling of diabetic nephropathy.The animal models of type 1 diabetes were mainly established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ)at 60-69 mg·kg^(-1)once or 50 mg·kg^(-1)for 5 continuous days,and those of type 2 diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of STZ at 30-39 mg·kg^(-1)once or 30 mg·kg^(-1)for 2 continuous days combined with 4 weeks of high-fat and high-sugar diet.Blood glucose and 24-hour urine protein were mainly used to determine whether the modeling was successful.The evaluation indicators of the animal models mainly included basic indicators,glucose and lipid metabolism indicators,and renal function indicators.Conclusion:Animal models are commonly used in the research on diabetic nephropathy,while there is no unified standards for the preparation or evaluation of the animal models.Moreover,Chinese medicine is rarely considered in the modeling.Through literature review and data analysis,this paper summarizes the modeling elements and standards,key evaluation indicators,characteristics,and shortcomings,aiming to build the animal models of diabetic nephropathy with a high success rate and with the characteristics in line with the clinical pathogenesis and syndromes.

关 键 词：糖尿病肾病 动物模型 造模要素 检测指标 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学] R285[医药卫生—中医学] R289R287R22R2-031R33R24