产业规模偏好与企业全要素生产率——来自省级政府五年规划文本的证据  

Scale Preference in Industry and Firm's TFP:Evidence from Five-year Plan Texts of Local Governments

作　　者：王海成 张伟豪 夏紫莹 WANG Haicheng;ZHANC Weihao;XIA Ziying(Business School,Beijing Normal University;School of Economics and Trade,Hunan University;School of Economics,Renmin University of China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院,1000875 [2]湖南大学经济与贸易学院,410079 [3]中国人民大学经济学院,100872

出　　处：《经济研究》2023年第5期153-171,共19页Economic Research Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(20CJL014、21CTJ015);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20200469)的资助。

摘　　要：党的二十大报告强调要“推动经济实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长”,因而科学认识经济发展质和量的关系成为政策制定者和学术研究者共同关心的重大问题。本文基于中国省级政府“十五”计划至“十二五”规划文本,测算了地方政府的产业规模偏好,并考察了其对企业全要素生产率的影响。研究发现:(1)地方政府的产业规模偏好总体上降低了企业全要素生产率;(2)产业规模偏好通过降低资源配置效率、抑制市场竞争、阻碍企业进入降低了企业全要素生产率,但通过促进集聚效应提高了企业全要素生产率;(3)产业规模偏好带来的效率损失主要体现在国有企业、大规模企业、规模报酬递减行业和要素市场发育程度较低地区企业;(4)虽然产业规模偏好带来一定的效率损失,但有效增加了企业层面的投资、销售收入和税收。本文对于新发展阶段更好统筹质的有效提升和量的合理增长、进一步优化地方政府产业政策设计有着重要启示。The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)emphasizes the necessity to"effectively upgrade and appropriately expand China's economic output".From the industrial systems perspective,China's speed-oriented economic growth path has been developed since the reform and opening up,which relies on low-cost factors,emulating technologies and a large domestic and global low-end target market.Currently,with the shift of China's economy from the high-speed growth stage to the high-quality development stage,it has become inevitable to rely on TFP growth to achieve"effective upgrading"of the economy.In contemporary times,promoting TFP has become a consensus and objective for formulating and implementing industrial policies worldwide.Additionally,given the nature of central-local relationships,industry development in China,being a large developing nation,is primarily driven and realized at the local level.To political performance evaluation,regional economic development,tax revenue expansion and other concerns,local governments endeavor to modify the allocation of factors,providing support some industries or even prioritize a specific industry to become larger and stronger,through the implementation of diverse industrial policies.These approaches indicate a conspicuous"scale preference".Therefore,the issue is whether the local governments'scale preference in industry impacts the TFP of firms,and if so,is this impact positive or negative?This paper contributes to the literature mainly in two ways:Firstly,it enriches the research on the impact assessment of key industry policy.Based on whether a particular industry is targeted or encouraged in the"Five-year plan"of local governments,the existing studies have primarily focused on the impact of key industry policy on TFP,technological innovation,investor behavior,export quality,etc.This paper analyzes the"scale preference in industry"and thus expands the research scope of key industry policy and enriches the evaluation of industrial policy effecti

关 键 词：产业规模偏好 全要素生产率 产业政策 地方政府 文本分析 

分 类 号：F127[经济管理—世界经济]