不同坡位亮叶桦群落乔灌层物种多样性及土壤养分研究  

Species diversity and soil nutrient characteristics of Betula luminifera forests in different slope positions

作　　者：毛强 曾钦朦 赵瑜 侯娜 MAO Qiang;ZENG Qinmeng;ZHAO Yu;HOU Na(Liuzhi Forestry Bureau in Guizhou Province,Liuzhi 553400,China;Guizhou Academy of Forestry Sciences,Guiyang 550000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省六枝特区林业局,贵州六枝553400 [2]贵州省林业科学研究院,贵阳550000

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2023年第2期123-130,共8页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：贵州省科技厅重大专项[黔科合重大专项字(2019)3006-2];贵州省科技厅优秀青年科技人才项目[黔科合平台人才(20195643)]。

摘　　要：以贵州省桂花国有林场为研究区,采用样方法调查不同坡位(上坡、中坡、下坡)的亮叶桦群落植被及测定土壤养分含量,分析不同坡位乔灌层物种多样性及土壤养分变化特征。结果表明:(1)桂花国有林场亮叶桦群落物种共有27科34属38种,乔木层主要树种为亮叶桦(Betula luminifera)、青冈(Cyclobalanopsis glauca)和木姜子(Litseapungens),其中亮叶桦为主要优势树种,重要值在下坡位高达51.938;灌木层主要树种为番薯(Ipomoea batatas)、野蔷薇(Rosa multiflora)和木犀(Osmanthus fragrans);物种数及α多样性指数整体呈下坡位依次高于中坡位、上坡位;(2)双因素方差分析结果显示,土壤养分含量主要受不同坡位的影响,土壤有机质随坡位的上升而减少,并随着土壤层次的加深而下降,土壤速效养分含量多集中在下坡位;(3)全磷含量与物种数、物种多样性指数之间存在极显著或显著相关,碱解氮与物种数、优势度指数和多样性指数呈极显著相关。In this paper,the Betula luminifera forests of Guihua state-owned forest farm in Guizhou province was used as the research area.The sample method was used to investigate the vegetation of B.luminifera forests of different slope positions(uphill,middle slope,downhill),and the content of soil nutrients were measured.The results showed that:(1)There were 38 species in 27 families,34 genera and 38 species in the osmanthus national forest farm,and the main tree species in the arbor layer were B.luminifera,Cyclobalanopsis glauca and Litsea pungens,of which B.luminifera was the dominant tree species,with an important value of 51.938 downslope,and the main species in the shrub layer were Ipomoea batatas and Rosa multiflora and Osmanthus fragrans;The number of species andαdiversity index showed downslope medium slope upslope.(2)The results of two-way ANOVA showed that soil nutrient content was mainly affected by different slopes,soil organic matter decreased with the increase of slope and decreased with the deepening of soil level,and soil available nutrient content was mostly concentrated in the downslope level.(3)There was a significant correlation between total phosphorus content and species number and species diversity index,and alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen was significantly correlated with species number,dominance index and diversity index.

关 键 词：亮叶桦群落 物种多样性 坡位 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]