食物交换份手测量饮食教育在居家老年慢性心力衰竭患者中的应用  

Application of food exchange method by hand measurement in homebound elderly patients with chronic heart failure

作　　者：周策[1] 王闪 万博雅 李玉璇 韩玉浩 周远 刘美霞[1] ZHOU Ce;WANG Shan;WAN Boya(Hebei General Hospital,Hebei,Shijiazhuang 050051,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省人民医院,石家庄市050051 [2]河北省晋州市人民医院

出　　处：《河北医药》2023年第11期1676-1679,共4页Hebei Medical Journal

基　　金：河北省医学科学研究重点课题计划(编号:20170376)。

摘　　要：目的探讨食物交换份手测量饮食教育在居家老年慢性心力衰竭患者中的应用效果。方法老年慢性心力衰竭患者90例随机分为对照组和试验组,每组45例。2组患者均利用科室自制的心脏康复手册,由康复护士针对手册中的营养篇内容进行饮食健康教育,试验组患者在此基础上进行专人指导的食物交换份手测量饮食训练,出院时和出院2月后接受人体成分分析评估营养状况,6 min步行试验(6-minute walk test,6MWT)评估心肺功能,对比2组患者的干预效果。结果研究结束试验组患者去脂体重、蛋白质质量较干预前及对照组有明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);体脂肪、体脂率、内脏脂肪面积较干预前及对照组明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组去脂体重、蛋白质质量有所升高,体脂肪、体脂率、内脏脂肪面积有所降低,但与干预前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论食物交换份手测量饮食教育能有效改善居家老年慢性心力衰竭患者的营养状况,并提高其心肺功能和运动耐力,可尝试用于老年慢性心力衰竭患者的出院健康指导。Objective To explore the effect of food exchange method by hand measurement in homebound elderly patients with chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods A total of 90 elderly CHF patients were randomized 1∶1 to control group and experimental group.The patients in the two groups were given diet health education by the rehabilitation nurses according to the cardiac rehabilitation manual drafted by the hospital,and those in the experimental group additionally received training of food exchange method by hand measurement via specially-assigned persons.The human body composition analysis was performed to assess nutritional status,and 6-minute walk test(6MWT)was used to evaluate cardiopulmonary function.The intervention effect of the two groups were compared.Results At the end of the study,the fat-free body weight and protein quality of the experimental group were significantly enhanced after the intervention,which were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05).Body fat,body fat percentage,and visceral fat area were significantly reduced in the experimental group after the intervention,which were significantly lower than those of control group(P<0.05).The fat-free body weight and protein quality in the control group were enhanced,and the body fat,body fat percentage,and visceral fat area were reduced after the intervention,although no significant differences were detected(P>0.05).Conclusion The food exchange method by hand measurement effectively improves the nutrition in homebound elderly CHF patients,which improves the cardiopulmonary function and exercise endurance.It can be applied to the discharge health guidance for elderly CHF patients.

关 键 词：食物交换份手测量 健康教育 慢性心力衰竭 营养 老年 

分 类 号：R541.6[医药卫生—心血管疾病]