典型的草甸和冠层型沉水植物对内源污染物削减效果研究  被引量:3

Study on the Reduction Effect of Typical Meadow and Canopytype Submerged Plants on Endogenous Pollutants

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作  者:谢孟颖 李鑫宇 陈桂珠 种云霄[1] XIE Mengying;LI Xinyu;CHEN Guizhu;CHONG Yunxiao(College of Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Rural Pollution Control and Environmental Safety,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区:[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院/广东省农业农村污染治理与环境安全重点实验室,广东广州510642

出  处:《广东农业科学》2023年第5期73-82,共10页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基  金:国家自然科学基金(51778245);2021年度广州市水务科技项目(SST2021006)。

摘  要:【目的】探究不同生长模式的沉水植物对内源污染物的削减效果。【方法】选取典型的草甸型和冠层型沉水植物矮慈姑和轮叶黑藻,利用采自重污染水体的底泥和两种沉水植物分别构建实验模拟系统,研究分析矮慈姑和轮叶黑藻在污染底泥中的生长扩增、各系统底泥和上覆水中主要污染物的浓度变化及表层底泥微生物群落结构的特点。【结果】两种沉水植物均能耐受污染底泥并生长扩增,矮慈姑茎、叶和根系的生物量均扩增10倍,但主要集中在水底泥界面上下10 cm范围;轮叶黑藻茎、叶的生物量在整个上覆水空间扩增也达到10倍,但根系生物量不变。矮慈姑系统表层底泥(0~10 cm)的酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS)、亚铁和氨氮,去除率分别达到80.57%、67.43%和72.48%,轮叶黑藻系统亚铁和氨氮去除率只有24.75%和61.41%,AVS上升13.6%。矮慈姑和轮叶黑藻系统上覆水中叶绿素a的浓度分别为9.61、9.39μg/L。16S rRNA高通量测序结果显示,两类系统表层底泥微生物群落中属的组成差异显著,矮慈姑系统优势属为硫曲菌属(Sulfurifustis)和硝化螺旋菌属(Nitrospira),而轮叶黑藻系统中Cyanobium_PCC-6307、螺旋体菌属(Spirochaeta_2)、假平胞菌属(Sphingomonas)和地杆菌属(Geothermobacter)的相对丰度更高。【结论】矮慈姑对表层底泥中还原性污染物AVS、亚铁和氨氮具有更好的去除效果,而轮叶黑藻则对于上覆水藻类的生长具有更好的控制效果。矮慈姑发达的根系促进了硫和氨氮代谢微生物类群的发育。【Objective】This study is to explore the reduction effect of different growth patterns of submerged plants in controlling endogenous pollutants.【Method】A selection of typical meadow and canopy-type submerged plants,Sagittaria pygmaea Miq and Hydrilla verticillate,experimental simulation system using sediment from a heavily polluted water body and two types of submerged plants respectively.The study analysed the growth and expansion of S.pygmaea Miq and Hydrilla verticillate in the contaminated sediment,and investigated the changes in the concentrations of major pollutants in the sediment and overlying water of each system,as well as the characteristics of the microbial community structure in the surface sediment.【Result】Both submerged plants tolerated and expanded in the contaminated sediment in this study,with both the stem and root biomass of S.pygmaea Miq expanding 10-fold,but mainly within the upper and lower 10 cm of the sediment interface,The stem and leaf biomass of H.verticillate also expanded 10-fold throughout the overlying water space,but the root biomass remained unchanged.The removal of acid volatile sulphide(AVS),ferrous iron and ammonia nitrogen from the surface sediment(0-10 cm)of the S.pygmaea Miq system reached 80.57%,67.43%and 72.48%,respectively,while the removal rates of ferrous iron and ammonia nitrogen in the H.verticillate system were only 24.75%and 61.41%,the removal rate of acid volatile sulphide(AVS)increased by 13.6%.The mean chlorophyll a concentrations in the overlying water were 9.61μg/L and 9.39μg/L for the H.pygmaea Miq and H.verticillate systems,respectively.The results of 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing showed that there were significant differences in the composition of genera in the microbial communities of the surface sediments of the two systems,with the dominant genera in the S.pygmaea Miq system being Sulfurifustis and Nitrospira,while the dominant genera in the H.verticillate system being Cyanobium_PCC-6307,Spirochaeta_2,Sphingomonas and Geothermobacter w

关 键 词:矮慈姑 轮叶黑藻 内源污染 生态修复 微生物群落多样性 

分 类 号:X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]

 

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