高温背景下城市下垫面扩张对于成都市热岛效应的数值试验  

Numerical Simulation of the Effect of Urbanization on Heat Island Effect under Extreme-High-Temperature Background in Chengdu

作　　者：孙世杰 张小玲 樊晋 SUN Shijie;ZHANG Xiaoling;FAN Jin(College of Atmospheric Sciences,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China;Plain Urban Meteorology and Environment Scientific Observation and Research Station of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610225,China;Jinan Meteorological Station,Jinan 250000,China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室,四川成都610225 [2]成都平原城市气象与环境四川省野外科学观测研究站,四川成都610225 [3]济南市气象台,山东济南250000

出　　处：《成都信息工程大学学报》2023年第3期358-364,共7页Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology

基　　金：四川省重大科技计划资助项目(2018SZDZX0023)。

摘　　要：为探讨成都市城市化在高温背景下对热岛效应强度的影响机制。利用耦合城市冠层模型的数值模式系统WRF-UCM,采用三层嵌套模拟技术,使用2001年和2019年两套MODIS土地利用资料,对成都市2019年8月11-13日的高温过程进行两组模拟实验。结果表明:(1)WRF-UCM模式能较好地模拟出此次成都地区的高温过程,过程中平均热岛强度超过2℃,引入新土地利用资料后热岛强度增强0.42℃,且夜间热岛强度高于日间;(2)下垫面性质的不同引起的城乡感热通量和潜热通量的差异是造成城区与郊区温差的主要原因之一,城市不透水下垫面使城市地区通过潜热调节气温能力降低,城市地区感热通量下降比非城市地区慢,使夜间城市地区下降缓慢,形成热岛效应;(3)成都市城市化主要通过增加城市部分的感热通量,减小潜热通量,增强了此次高温过程的热岛强度。With the rapid urbanization in Chengdu,the urban heat island(UHI)is becoming obvious in recent years.The effect of urban land-use change on UHI in the context of high temperature was explored in this study.The coupled model(WRF-UCM)of Weather Research and Forecast model and Urban Canopy Model was adopted.Simulation experiments were conducted with two sets of MODIS land use data of 2001 and 2019 for the high temperature process on 11-13 August 2019 in Chengdu.The results showed that the WRF-UCM model can better simulate this high temperature process.The average UHI intensity within the process exceeds 2℃,and the UHI intensity was enhanced by 0.42℃after the introduction of new land-use information,and UHI intensity at night was higher than that at daytime.Meanwhile,it indicated that the difference in sensible and latent heat fluxes between urban and rural areas caused by the difference in the nature of surface was one of the main reasons for the temperature difference between urban and suburban areas.The impermeable surface in urban areas reduced the ability of urban areas to regulate temperature by latent heat,and the sensible heat flux in urban areas decreased more slowly than that in non-urban areas,which making urban areas fall slowly at night and forms the heat island effect.For this individual case,urbanization in Chengdu enhanced the heat island intensity of this high temperature process mainly by increasing the sensible heat flux and decreasing the latent heat flux in the urban area.

关 键 词：大气科学 数值模拟 极端高温 WRF-UCM 城市热岛 土地利用 

分 类 号：P445[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]