基于中国科学院西北高原生物研究所馆藏标本分析青藏高原雀形目鸟类物种和功能多样性  

Species and functional diversity of the passerine birds in the Tibetan Plateau based on specimens from the collection of Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences

作　　者：陈晓澄[1] 张鹏展 康斌[2] 刘林山[3] 赵亮[1] Xiaocheng Chen;Pengzhan Zhang;Bin Kang;Linshan Liu;Liang Zhao(Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008;Fisheries College,Ocean University of China,Qingdao,Shandong 266003;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,西宁810008 [2]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《生物多样性》2023年第5期22-32,共11页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究专题第三极国家公园群建设科学方案(2019QZKK0401);国家动物标本资源库项目“国家科技资源共享服务平台国家动物标本资源库”;中国科学院战略生物资源科技支撑体系运行专项(CZBZX-1)。

摘　　要：物种多样性和功能多样性是生物多样性的两个主要研究内容,研究不同区域物种多样性和功能多样性可以为生物多样性保护提供重要的理论支撑。本研究以中国科学院西北高原生物研究所馆藏的青藏高原11个生态地理分区雀形目鸟类为研究对象,结合其性状数据,计算3种物种α多样性指数(物种丰富度、Shannon熵和Pielou均匀度)、3种功能α多样性指数(功能丰富度、功能均匀度和功能离散度)、物种和功能β多样性及其对应的周转和嵌套成分,并分析了物种多样性与功能多样性之间的关系。研究结果表明:(1)青藏高原鸟类物种α多样性呈东南高、西北低的趋势。功能丰富度和功能均匀度显示出明显的空间差异,全区物种丰富度和功能丰富度平均值较低,功能离散度在全区均较高;(2)物种β多样性高于功能β多样性,但二者整体均具有较高的数值。物种β多样性主要由周转成分构成,而嵌套和周转成分在功能β多样性中占比接近;(3)功能丰富度与物种丰富度及Shannon熵呈显著正相关关系。物种和功能β多样性呈显著相关关系,物种和功能周转成分贡献率呈显著相关关系。以上结果表明功能丰富度较高的分区中鸟类占据较大的功能性状空间,而分区中功能均匀度和功能离散度较高则体现出鸟类可以更均匀、更有效地利用食物资源。结合物种和功能α、β多样性可以很好地表征鸟类多样性与生态系统的关系。Aims:Species diversity and functional diversity are the two main research contents of biodiversity.Studying species diversity and functional diversity in different regions can provide important theoretical support for biodiversity conservation.Methods:In this study,the passerine birds in eleven eco-geographical regions of the Tibetan Plateau collected by the Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences were taken as the research object,and the data of bird species and traits were combined to calculate three speciesα-diversity indices(species richness,Shannon entropy and Pielou evenness),three functionalα-diversity indices(functional richness,functional evenness and functional divergence),species and functionβ-diversity and their respective turnover and nestedness components.The relationship between species diversity and functional diversity was analyzed.Results:The speciesα-diversity of birds was higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest for the Tibetan Plateau.Functional richness and functional evenness showed clear spatial differences,and the average of species richness and functional richness were low in the whole region.Functional divergence was higher in the whole region.Speciesβ-diversity was higher than functionalβ-diversity,but both of them had high values.Speciesβ-diversity was mainly composed of turnover components,and the proportion of nestedness and turnover components were similar in functionalβ-diversity.Functional richness was positively correlated with species richness and Shannon entropy.There was a significant correlation between species and functionalβ-diversity,and a significant correlation between the contribution ratio of species and functional turnover components.Conclusion:The above results indicate that birds in the regions with higher functional richness occupy a larger functional trait space,while the higher functional evenness and functional divergence indicate that birds could utilize food resources more evenly and effectively in these regions.T

关 键 词：青藏高原 鸟类 生态地理分区 物种多样性 功能多样性 Α多样性 Β多样性 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]