碳捕集利用与封存中的金属腐蚀问题研究:进展与挑战  

Metal Corrosion in Carbon Capture,Utilization,and Storage:Progress and Challenges

作　　者：向勇 原玉 周佩[2,3] 刘广胜 吕伟 李明星 张春霞[4] 周庆军 赵雪会[5,6] 闫伟[7] Xiang Yong;Yuan Yu;Zhou Pei;Liu Guangsheng;Lyu Wei;Li Mingxing;Zhang Chunxia;Zhou Qingjun;Zhao Xuehui;Yan Wei(College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low Permeability Oil and Gas Fields,Xi’an 710018,China;Oil and Gas Technology Research Institute,Changqing Oilfield Company,Petro China Company Limited,Xi’an 710018,China;Central Research Institute,Baoshan Iron&Steel Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201999,China;State Key Laboratory for Performance and Structural Safety of Petroleum Tubular Goods and Equipment Materials,Xi’an 710077,China;CNPC Engineering Materials Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Xi’an 710077,China;State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)机械与储运工程学院,北京102249 [2]低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室,西安710018 [3]中国石油天然气股份有限公司长庆油田分公司油气工艺研究院,西安710018 [4]宝山钢铁股份有限公司中央研究院,上海201999 [5]石油管材及装备材料服役行为与结构安全国家重点实验室,西安710077 [6]中国石油集团工程材料研究院有限公司,西安710077 [7]油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《中国工程科学》2023年第3期197-208,共12页Strategic Study of CAE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52271082);北京市自然科学基金面上项目(2222074);内蒙古重点研发计划项目(2021ZD0038)。

摘　　要：深入研究碳捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)技术中的金属腐蚀问题产生的机理和影响,对有效应对和解决捕集、运输、利用与封存系统中存在的材料腐蚀失效问题至关重要,为此,本文对CCUS技术存在的金属腐蚀问题研究进展及挑战进行了综述。本文基于CCUS技术各系统腐蚀环境新颖、腐蚀行为特殊、认知程度有限、防护手段相对匮乏等情况,结合CCUS各系统中的腐蚀环境特点,分析了可能存在的金属腐蚀类型及其主要影响因素,并对其带来的挑战进行了梳理,得出了以下主要结论:对于有机胺捕集系统,吸收剂降解机理及降解产物对腐蚀过程的影响较为复杂,部分降解产物对金属腐蚀有抑制作用;密相CO_(2)输送管道的内腐蚀问题不容忽视,控制水分含量是控制该腐蚀问题的关键;CO_(2)驱油利用与封存系统井筒管材在超高CO_(2)分压、碳源杂质、高矿化度地层水、微生物和应力等多因素的长周期耦合作用下,出现腐蚀失效导致CO_(2)泄露的风险很高。最后,本文对未来需迫切开展的研究方向进行了展望,包括不同碳源杂质对各子系统的腐蚀影响研究、长期封存条件下井筒区域材料降解规律研究以及CCUS系统腐蚀防护技术研究等。This study reviews the metal corrosion problem regarding the carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)technology and aims to deepen the understanding and research on this problem and thus deal with the severe material corrosion failures in the capture,transportation,utilization,and storage systems.Based on the novel corrosion environments,the uniqueness of corrosion behaviors,limited cognition,and relative lack of protective measures in CCUS technology systems,this study analyzes the possible types of metal corrosion and its major influencing factors,explores the challenges it brings,and draws the following conclusions.For the CO_(2) organic amine capture system,the degradation mechanism of absorbents and the impact of degradation products on the corrosion process are complex,and some degradation products have a inhibitory effect on metal corrosion.The internal corrosion issue of dense-phase CO_(2) transmission pipelines cannot be ignored,and controlling the moisture content is the key to controlling this corrosion problem.The risk of corrosion failures leading to CO_(2) leakage is high in the wellbore tubing of CO_(2) enhanced oil recovery utilization and storage systems under the long-term coupled effects of ultra-high CO_(2) partial pressure,carbon source impurities,high mineralized formation water,microorganisms,and stress.Finally,the research that needs to be conducted urgently in the future is prospected,including the corrosion impact of different carbon source impurities on each subsystem,the material degradation law in the wellbore area under long-term storage conditions,and corrosion protection technologies of CCUS systems.

关 键 词：碳捕集、利用与封存 碳源杂质 腐蚀环境特点 腐蚀影响因素 超临界CO_(2) 

分 类 号：TG174[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]