基于数值模拟的浆砌块石大桥爆破拆除优化研究  

Research on the optimization of blasting demolition of mortar block stone bridge based on numerical simulation

作　　者：唐小再 刘桐 何涛 许晓磊 吴霄 吴波 侯猛 兰成斌 TANG Xiaozai;LIU Tong;HE Tao;XU Xiaolei;WU Xiao;WU Bo;HOU Meng;LAN Chengbin(Zhejiang Gaoneng Blasting Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310030,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省高能爆破有限公司,浙江杭州310030

出　　处：《煤矿爆破》2023年第2期20-27,共8页Coal Mine Blasting

摘　　要：待拆除桥梁为浆砌块石大桥,为达到“破碎但不飞散”目的,在桥梁桥墩以及拱圈两侧拱脚处钻凿炮孔,配合北侧若干孔弱装药、分区延期爆破等措施对桥梁进行爆破拆除,经振动校核发现塌落振动接近安全允许最大值,会对周边建(构)筑物造成一定的损伤、影响,因此,对方案进一步优化,通过ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元软件对优化后爆破方案进行模拟,分析桥梁塌落过程并提取塌落振动数据,随后按照优化后方案对桥梁进行爆破拆除并对监测所得振动信号进行分析。研究结果表明,拱顶处增设炮孔可以有效减弱塌落振动,最大可减弱70%以上;数值模拟所得振动数据与实测数据较为接近且略大于实测数据;桥梁爆破拆除过程中塌落振动产生的振动幅值及能量相对于爆破振动更大。因此,桥梁爆破拆除施工中需特别注意塌落振动对周边建(构)筑物产生的影响。The bridge to be demolished is a mortar block stone bridge.In order to achieve the purpose of“broken but not scattered”,blasting holes are drilled at the bridge pier and the arch feet on both sides of the arch ring,and the bridge is demolished with measures such as weak charging of several holes on the north side and zoning delay blasting.After vibration check,it is found that the collapse vibration is close to the maximum allowable safety value,which will cause certain damage and influence to the surrounding buildings(structures).Therefore,the scheme is further optimized.The optimized blasting scheme is simulated by ANSYS/LS-DYNA finite element software,and the bridge collapse process is analyzed and the collapse vibration data is extracted.Then,the bridge is demolished according to the optimized scheme and the vibration signal obtained by monitoring is analyzed.The results show that the addition of blast holes at the vault can effectively reduce the collapse vibration,which can be reduced by more than 70%.The vibration datas obtained by numerical simulation are close to the measured datas and slightly larger.The vibration amplitude and energy generated by the collapse vibration during the blasting demolition of the bridge are larger than the blasting vibration.Therefore,special attention should be paid to the impact of collapse vibration on surrounding buildings(structures)in bridge blasting demolition construction.

关 键 词：爆破拆除 数值模拟 塌落振动 塌落过程 MATLAB 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设] TU751.9[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]