西安地铁盾构隧道穿越地裂缝带的适应性与应对措施  

Adaptability and Countermeasures of Metro Shield Tunnels Crossing Ground Fissure Zones in Xi'an,China

作　　者：黄强兵[1,2] 彭博 苟玉轩 杨晓强 王立新 贾少春[4] HUANG Qiang-bing;PENG Bo;GOU Yu-xuan;YANG Xiao-qiang;WANG Li-xin;JIA Shao-chun(School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,Shaanxi,China;Key Laboratory of Earth Fissures Geological Disaster of Ministry of Natural Resources,Nanjing 210049,Jiangsu,China;Xi'an Rail Transit Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710018,Shaanxi,China;China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710043,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,陕西西安710054 [2]自然资源部地裂缝地质灾害重点实验室,江苏南京210049 [3]西安市轨道交通集团有限公司,陕西西安710018 [4]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,陕西西安710043

出　　处：《地球科学与环境学报》2023年第3期445-459,共15页Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41372328);西安市轨道交通集团有限公司科研项目(D8-ZX-2018010);陕西省公益性地质项目(20180303)。

摘　　要：盾构能否通过地裂缝是西安地铁建设中的难题,结构的适应性与应对措施是关键。以西安市唯一的市域环线——地铁8号线为工程背景,基于现场调查、资料收集、InSAR监测及有限元数值模拟,讨论了西安地裂缝活动趋势与地铁沿线地裂缝的活动性分级,分析了不同管片拼装方式和断面尺寸的盾构隧道在地裂缝场地的适应性,提出了盾构隧道穿越地裂缝带的二次衬砌与暗梁、钢管片、注浆加固、手孔局部加固等应对措施,并验证了其有效性。结果表明:在地裂缝活动性弱的Ⅳ级场地可采用盾构隧道,错缝拼装优于通缝拼装,且盾构最优直径D=6.2 m;盾构隧道的纵向设防长度为距地裂缝带0.75D~1.50D的范围,并与隧道穿越地裂缝带的角度有关。研究结果可为地铁盾构隧道穿越地裂缝带结构设计与病害防治提供科学指导。Whether the shield tunnel can be used in the ground fissure site is an issue in the metro construction and the structural adaptability and countermeasures are key points in Xi'an,China.Taking Xi'an Metro ring line(Metro Line 8)as the engineering background,based on field investigation,data collection,InSAR monitoring and finite element numerical simulation,the active trend of ground fissures in Xi'an and the classification of each ground fissure along Metro Line 8 were discussed,as well as the adaptability of shield tunnels with different assembly modes and section sizes in the ground fissure site was analyzed;finally,the countermeasures such as secondary lining and concealed beam,steel segment,grouting reinforcement,and local reinforcement of handholes were proposed,and the effectiveness was also validated.The results show that the shield tunnels can be used in ClassⅣsites with weak activity of ground fissure,and the staggered-joint assembly mode is better than the straight joint assembly mode for shield tunnel crossing the ground fissure zones,and the optimal diameter(D)of shield tunnel is 6.2 m;the longitudinal fortification length of sheild tunnel is 0.75 D to 1.50 D distance from ground fissure,which is related to the intersection angle between the tunnel and the ground fissure zones.The research can provide a scientific guidance for the structural design and disaster control of metro shield tunnel crossing ground fissure zones.

关 键 词：地铁隧道 地裂缝 活动性分级 盾构适应性 应对措施 

分 类 号：P642.2[天文地球—工程地质学] U231[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]