国家本位与家庭本位:中西方传统经济思想理论成就的特点与启示  

Theoretical Achievements and Differences of Chinese and Western Traditional Economic Thoughts

作　　者：马涛[1] MA Tao

机构地区：[1]复旦大学经济学院

出　　处：《社会科学》2023年第6期135-144,共10页Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中西传统经济思想的比较与中国发展道路的历史关联”(项目编号:18ZDA037)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：通过回顾中西方轴心时代后到西方近代资本主义崛起前经济思想的发展史,文章提出这一时期中国传统经济思想的理论成就多集中在现代西方经济学所称的“宏观”领域,讨论强调的多是治理大一统国家需要解决的诸多经济政策问题;西方传统经济思想的理论成就多集中在“微观”领域,讨论的是自然法、产权、公平价格和商品价值问题,许多经济分析构成了西方经济学的出发点。造成中西方传统经济思想差异的原因在于中西方早期文明起源时对面临不同地理环境的挑战所形成的不同政治经济体制的回应。中国特色社会主义政治经济学体系是以中国经济为研究对象的经济学,概括总结中国经济史理论经验的中国传统经济思想史中所包含的理论智慧理应对今天具有理论启示与借鉴意义。Through reviewing the development history of Chinese and Western economic thoughts from the post Axial Era to the period before the rise of modern capitalism,this article points out that most of Chinese traditional economic thoughts'theoretical achievements in this period concentrated on the'macro'field in modern Western economics,and these Chinese thoughts laid more emphasis on a majority of economic policy problems required to be solved with regard to the administration of a unified country;while the theoretical achievements of Western economic thoughts concentrated on the'micro'field,these Western thoughts paid attention to the matters of natural law,property right,fair price and commodity value.The starting point of Western economics consisted of many economic analysis.The reason for the differences between Chinese and Western economic thoughts lies in the response to various political and economic systems formed by the challenges of different geographical environments in the period of the genesis of Chinese and Western civilizations.The system of the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a kind of economics with Chinese economy as the research object.It summarizes the theoretical wisdom contained in the Chinese traditional economic thoughts with Chinese economic history's theoretical experience.It is supposed to give theoretical enlightenment and reference significance to today's society.

关 键 词：中西方 传统经济思想 理论成就与差异 

分 类 号：F091.2[经济管理—政治经济学]