二里头遗址二里头文化第四期晚段遗存反思  

The Reflections on the Remains of the Late Stage of Phase IV of the Erlitou Culture at Erlitou Site

作　　者：井中伟 张振腾 Jing Zhongwei;Zhang Zhenteng

机构地区：[1]吉林大学考古学院

出　　处：《南方文物》2023年第2期158-164,共7页Cultural Relics in Southern China

摘　　要：现有的层位关系不足以将二里头1号、2号基址在第四期晚段的使用期遗存与废弃期遗存截然分开,也不足以卡定下七垣文化与岳石文化因素出现在宫殿区的具体时间节点。二里头遗址所见的下七垣文化与岳石文化因素,一向被视为商夷联盟西进占领二里头都邑的物质表征。但实际上并非如此,有些因素出现较早。只有下七垣文化(尤其是漳河型)与岳石文化风格的器物在二里头遗址中成组合地大量出现才意味着二里头都邑业已沦陷。从二里头都邑的主体要素、布局框架在第四期晚段的存废状况来看,二里头宫城东部持续兴建,西部渐趋衰落。6号、10号、11号基址及东1城门的始建年代或可视为二里头遗址中的夏商文化分界坐标。Now the available stratal relationships are not enough to completely separate the used-phase remains from the abandoned-phase remains of Erlitou No.1 and No.2 palaces in the late stage of Phase IV of the Erlitou Culture,and there are not enough to judge the specific occurrence times of the Xiaqiyuan culture and Yueshi culture factors at the palace area.The artifacts of Xiaqiyuan culture and Yueshi culture found at Erlitou site have always been regarded as material representations of the Shang and Yi Alliance's westward occupation of the Erlitou capital.But in reality it is not so,somefactors appeared much earlier.Only there were phenomena which the large number of artifacts from Xiaqiyuan culture(especially the Zhanghe type)and the Yueshi culture appeared in groups at Erlitou site symbolized the occupation of Erlitou capital.Judging from the existence and dilapidation of the main elements and layout framework of Erlitou capital in the late phase of the fourth period,the eastern part of Erlitou palace area continued to be built,and the western part was gradually declining.The initial construction times of No.6,No.10,No.ll palaces and No.l eastern gate at Erlitou site may be regarded as the Xia and Shang cultural boundary coordinates.

关 键 词：二里头遗址 二里头文化 第四期晚段 考古学局限性 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]