锌电积用新型阳极的研究进展  

Research Progress of New Anodes for Zinc Electrodeposition

作　　者：陶毅 陈步明[1,2,3] 黄惠 郭忠诚[1,2,3] 何亚鹏 TAO Yi;CHEN Bu-ming;HUANG Hui;GUO Zhong-cheng;HE Ya-peng(Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Yunnan Research Center of Metallurgical Electrode Materials Engineering Technology,Kunming 650106,China;Kunming Science&Technology Hengda Technology Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650106,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]云南省冶金电极材料工程技术研究中心,云南昆明650106 [3]昆明理工恒达科技股份有限公司,云南昆明650106

出　　处：《材料保护》2023年第6期142-155,181,共15页Materials Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No 51564029,51874154,52064028,22002054);中国博士后科学基金(2018M633418);云南省科技创新人才工程(No 2019HB111)资助。

摘　　要：铅阳极价格低廉且在酸性硫酸盐溶液中稳定而被用于生产高纯度的锌,但随着矿物品位降低,锌电解液环境变差,传统铅阳极的许多问题限制了其进一步发展,包括析氧电位过高、阳极溶解引起的阴极产品污染、力学性能差等。为解决这些问题,从几个不同方面对新型阳极进行阐述:(1)在铅合金中掺杂不同的元素(如Ag、Ca、Co、RE等),通过外加物质改善合金结构,提升铅阳极电催化活性,降低铅在电解液中的溶解;(2)应用不同加工工艺提升铅合金内部均匀致密程度,提升合金力学性能;(3)应用其他类型的阳极,如钛基阳极、铝基阳极、碳纤维阳极等防止铅合金本身性质带来的问题。介绍不同阳极改进方式的同时也提及了其制备工艺和电催化机制,为未来新型阳极的发展趋势指明了方向。Lead anodes are cheap and stable in acidic sulfate solution,so they are used to produce high purity zinc,but with reduced mineral quality,zinc electrolyte environment gets worse,many problems in traditional lead anodes limit their further development:including high oxygen evolution potential,cathode products pollution caused by anodic dissolution,poor mechanical properties.In order to solve these prob⁃lems,the new anode was described in several different aspects in this paper:(1)Doping different elements(such as Ag,Ca,Co,RE,etc.)in the lead alloy could improve the alloy structure,enhance the electrocatalytic activity of the lead anode,and reduce the dissolution of lead in the electrolyte by adding substances.(2)Applying different processing techniques could enhance internal uniformity and dense degree of the lead alloy,and improve the mechanical properties of the alloy.(3)Applying other types of anodes,such as titanium⁃based anodes,aluminum⁃based anodes and carbon fiber anodes,could prevent the problems caused by the inherent properties of the lead alloy.Besides,while introdu⁃cing different anode improvement methods,the preparation process and electrocatalytic mechanism were also mentioned,and the direction for the development trend of new anodes in the future was pointed out.

关 键 词：锌电积 新型铅合金 钛基阳极 铝基阳极 碳纤维阳极 催化机制 

分 类 号：TG146[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]